1972年《国际海上避碰规则公约》 --中英文对照版

1972年《国际海上避碰规则公约》

Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972

各缔约国，本着保持高度的海上安全的愿望，注意到有必要对1960年国际海上人命安全会议最终议定书所附的国际海上避碰规则进行修订并使之适应新的情况，经就该规则被认可以来的发展情况对之进行了审议，现协议如下：

THE PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, 

DESIRING to maintain a high level of safety at sea, 

MINDFUL of the need to revise and bring up to date the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea annexed to the Final Act of the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, 

HAVING CONSIDERED those Regulations in the light of developments since they were approved, 

HAVE AGREED as follows: 

第I条 一般义务

Article I General obligations

本公约各缔约国保证实施构成本公约所附1972年国际海上避碰规则（以下简称“本规则”）的各项条款及其他附录。

The Parties to the present Convention undertake to give effect to the Rules and other Annexes constituting the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, (hereinafter referred to as "the Regulations") attached hereto.

第II条 签署、批准、接受、核准和加入

Article II Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession

1.本公约保持开放到1973年6月1日为止供签署，此后继续开放供加入。

1. The present Convention shall remain open for signature until 1 June 1973 and shall thereafter remain open for accession.

2.联合国或其任何专门机构或国际原子能机构的会员国，或国际法院规约的当事方，可按照下列方式参加本公约：

2. States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or the International Atomic Energy Agency, or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to this Convention by: 

(a)签署并对批准、接受或核准无保留；

(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; 

(b)签署而有待批准、接受或核准，随后予以批准、接受或核准；或

(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or 

(c)加入。

(c) accession.

3.批准、接受、核准或加入须向政府间海事协商组织（以下简称“本组织”）交存相应的文件，方为有效。本组织应将每一上述文件的交存和交存日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

3. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Organization") which shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to the present Convention of the deposit of each instrument and of the date of its deposit.

第III条 适用的领土

Article III Territorial application

1.联合国如系某一领土的管理当局，或任一缔约国如负责某一领土的国际关系，可随时以书面通知本组织秘书长（以下简称“秘书长”），将本公约扩大适用于该领土。

1. The United Nations in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory or any Contracting Party responsible for the international relations of a territory may at any time by notification in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Secretary-General"), extend the application of this Convention to such a territory.

2.本公约应自接到通知之日或通知中规定的其他日期起，扩大适用于通知中所述领土。

2. The present Convention shall, upon the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein.

3对根据本条第1款所作通知中所述的任何领土，均可撤销扩大适用，经一年后或撤销时规定的更长期限后，本公约即不再适用于该领土。

3. Any notification made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may be withdrawn in respect of any territory mentioned in that notification and the extension of this Convention to that territory shall cease to apply after one year or such longer period as may be specified at the time of the withdrawal.

4.秘书长应将根据本条所递交的任何扩大适用或撤销扩大适用的通知，通知所有缔约国。

4. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties of the notification of any extension or withdrawal of any extension communicated under this Article.

第IV条 生 效

Article IV Entry into force

1.(a)本公约应在至少有15个国家参加本公约之日起12个月后生效，该15国的商船总和应不少于全世界100总吨及100总吨以上船舶的艘数或吨位的65％。以先达到者为准。

1. (a) The present Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date on which at least 15 States, the aggregate of whose merchant fleets constitutes not less than 65 per cent by number or by tonnage of the world fleet of vessels of 100 gross tons and over have become Parties to it, whichever is achieved first.

(b)尽管有本款(a)项的规定，本公约在1976年1月1日之前不应生效。

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, the present Convention shall not enter into force before 1 January 1976.

2.对于在达到本条第1款(a)项所规定的条件之后而在本公约生效之前按照第II条规定批准。接受。核准或加入本公约的国家，应自本公约生效之日起生效。

2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention in accordance with Article II after the conditions prescribed in sub-paragraph 1(a) have been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.

3.对于在本公约生效之日以后批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家，应自按第II条规定交存文件之日起生效。

3. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede after the date on which this Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article II.

4.在本公约修正案按照第VI条第4款规定生效之日后，任何批准、接受、核准或加入，都应适用修正后的公约。

4. After the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article VI, any ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall apply to the Convention as amended.

5.本公约生效之日，本规则即代替并废除1960年国际海上避碰规则。

5. On the date of entry into force of this Convention, the Regulations replace and abrogate the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960.

6.秘书长应将生效日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

6. The Secretary-General shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of its entry into force.

第V条 修订会议

Article V Revision conference

1.本组织可以召开会议修订本公约或本规则，或修订二者。

1. A Conference for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both may be convened by the Organization.

2.经不少于三分之一的缔约国请求，本组织应召开缔约国会议，以修订本公约或本规则，或修订二者。

2. The Organization shall convene a Conference of Contracting Parties for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both at the request of not less than one-third of the Contracting Parties.

第VI条 本规则的修正

Article VI Amendments to the Regulations

1.任一缔约国对本规则所提的任何修正案，经其请求后，应在本组织中予以审议。

1. Any amendment to the Regulations proposed by a Contracting Party shall be considered in the Organization at the request of that Party.

2.如该修正案经出席本组织海上安全委员会并投票的三分之二多数通过，则至少应在本组织大会对之审议前6个月将其通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。在大会审议该修正案时，非本组织会员的任何缔约国均有权参加。

2. If adopted by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, such amendment shall be communicated to all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization at least six months prior to its consideration by the Assembly of the Organization. Any Contracting Party which is not a Member of the Organization shall be entitled to participate when the amendment is considered by the Assembly.

3.如该修正案经出席大会并投票的三分之二多数通过，秘书长应将其通知所有缔约国以供接受。

3. If adopted by a two-third majority of those present and voting in the Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Contracting Parties for their acceptance.

4.该项修正案应在大会通过时所决定的日期生效，除非在大会所同时确定的一个较早日期之前，有三分之一以上的缔约国通知本组织反对该修正案。本款所指经大会决定的两个日期，应由到会并投票的三分之二多数通过。

4. Such an amendment shall enter into force on a date to be determined by the Assembly at the time of its adoption unless, by a prior date determined by the Assembly at the same time, more than one-third of the Contracting Parties notify the Organization of their objection to the amendment. Determination by the Assembly of the dates referred to in this paragraph shall be by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting.

5.任何修正案一经生效后，对于未曾对修正案提出反对的所有缔约国，即应取代并废止该修正案所涉及的任何原有的规定。

5. On entry into force any amendment shall, for all Contracting Parties which have not objected to the amendment, replace and supersede any previous provision to which the amendment refers.

6.秘书长应将按本条所作的任何请求和通知以及修正案的生效日期，通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。

6. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization of any request and communication under this Article and the date on which any amendment enters into force.

第VII条 退 出

Article VII Denunciation

1.任何缔约国，在本公约对其生效满五年后，可随时退出本公约。

1. The present Convention may be denounced by a Contracting Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention entered into force for that Party.

2.退出本公约应向本组织交存相应的文件。秘书长应将所收到的退出文件及该文件的交存日期通知所有其他缔约国。

2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization. The Secretary-General shall inform all other Contracting Parties of the receipt of the instrument of denunciation and of the date of its deposit.

3.退出应在交存文件一年后或该文件中规定的更长期限后生效。

3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument, after its deposit.

第VIII条 保管和登记

Article VIII Deposit and registration

1.本公约与本规则应交存本组织保管。秘书长应将核证无误的副本分送所有已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

1. The present Convention and the Regulations shall be deposited with the Organization, and the Secretary-General shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all Governments of States that have signed this Convention or acceded to it.

2.当本公约生效时，秘书长应按照联合国宪章第102条的规定，将该文本送联合国秘书处登记并公布。

2. When the present Convention enters into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-General to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

第LX条 文 字

Article IX Languages

本公约连同本规则用英文和法文写成单一文本，两种文本具有同等效力。应备有俄文和西班牙文的正式译本，与签署的原本一并存放。下列具名的经各国政府正式授权的代表，特签署本公约，以昭信守。1972年10月20日订于伦敦。

The present Convention is established, together with the Regulations, in a single copy in the English and French languages, both texts being equally authentic. Official translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present Convention. 

DONE AT LONDON this twentieth day of October one thousand nine hundred and seventy-two.

一九七二年国际海上避碰规则

INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972

第一章 总则

PART A GENERAL

第一条 适用范围

Rule 1 Application

１．本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。

(a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.

２．本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。这种特殊规定，应尽可能符合本规则各条。

(b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.

３．本规则各条，不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号，或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯或信号灯的任何特殊规定的实施。这些额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号，应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯或信号。

(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or signal lights for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules. 

４．为实施本规则，本组织可以采纳分道通航制。

(d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules. 

５．凡经有关政府确定，某种特殊构造或用途的船舶，如须完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定，就不能影响其特殊功能时，则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。

(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, without interfering with the special function of the vessel, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel. 

第二条 责任

Rule 2 Responsibility

１．本规则各条不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽，或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。

(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.

２．在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时，应适当考虑到，为避免紧迫危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险，以及任何特殊情况，其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。

(b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.

第三条 一般定义

Rule 3 General definitions

除其他条文另有解释外，在本规则中：

For the purpose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires:

１．“船舶”一词，指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水船筏，包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。

(a) The word "vessel" includes every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water.

２．“机动船”一词，指用机器推进的任何船舶。

(b) The term "power-driven vessel" means any vessel propelled by machinery.

３．“帆船”一词，指任何驶帆的船舶，包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。

(c) The term "sailing vessel" means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used.

４．“从事捕鱼的船舶”一词，指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶，但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。

(d) The term "vessel engaged in fishing" means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict manoeuvrability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoeuvrability.

５．“水上飞机”一词，包括为能在水面操纵而设计的任何航空器。

(e) The word "seaplane" includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.

６．“失去控制的船舶”一词，指由于某种异常的情况，不能按本规则各条的要求进行操纵，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。

(f) The term "vessel not under command" means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.

７．“操纵能力受到限制的船舶”一词，指由于工作性质，使其按本规则要求进行操纵的能力受到限制，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。下列船舶应作为操纵能力受到限制的船舶：

(g) The term "vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre" means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.

 The following vessels shall be regarded as vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre:

（１）从事敷设、维修或起捞助航标志、海底电缆或管道的船舶；
（２）从事疏浚、测量或水下作业的船舶；
（３）在航中从事补给或转运人员、食品或货物的船舶；
（４）从事发放或回收航空器的船舶；
（５）从事扫雷作业的船舶；
（６）从事拖带作业的船舶，而该项拖带作业使该拖船及其被拖船偏离所驶航向的能力严重受到限制者。

(i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline; 

(ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations; 

(iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway; 

(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft; 

(v) a vessel engaged in minesweeping operations; 

(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as renders her unable to deviate from her course. 

８．“限于吃水的船舶”一词，指由于吃水与可用水深的关系，致使其偏离所驶航向的能力严重地受到限制的机动船。

(h) The term "vessel constrained by her draught" means a power-driven vessel which because of her draught in relation to the available depth of water is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following.

９．“在航”一词，指船舶不在锚泊、系岸或搁浅。

(i) The word "underway" means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground. 

１０．船舶的“长度”和“宽度”是指其总长度和最大宽度。

(j) The words "length" and "breath" of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest breadth.

１１．只有当一船能自他船以视觉看到时，才应认为两船是在互见中。

(k) Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other.

１２．“能见度不良”一词，指任何由于雾、霾、下雪、暴风雨、沙暴或任何其他类似原因而使能见度受到限制的情况。

(l) The term "restricted visibility" means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.

第二章 驾驶和航行规则

PART B STEERING AND SAILING RULES

第一节 船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动规则

SECTION I - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF VISIBILITY

第四条 适用范围

Rule 4 Application

本节各条适用于任何能见度的情况。

Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility.

第五条 了望

Rule 5 Look-out

每一船舶应经常用视觉、听觉以及适合当时环境和情况下一切有效的手段保持正规的了望，以便对局面和碰撞危险作出充分的估计。

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

第六条 安全航速

Rule 6 Safe speed

每一船舶在任何时候应用安全航速行驶，以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行动，并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离以内把船停住。

在决定安全航速时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点：

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. 

In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account:

１．对所有船舶：

(a) By all vessels: 

（１）能见度情况；

(i) the state of visibility; 

（２）通航密度，包括渔船或者任何其他船舶的密集程度；

(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;

（３）船舶的操纵性能，特别是在当时情况下的冲程和旋回性能；

(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions;

（４）夜间出现的背景亮光，诸如来自岸上的灯光或本船灯光的反向散射；

(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her own lights;

（５）风、浪和流的状况以及靠近航海危险物的情况；

(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;

（６）吃水与可用水深的关系。

(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water.

２．对备有可使用的雷达的船舶，还须考虑：

(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar: 

（１）雷达设备的特性、效率和局限性；

(i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment; 

（２）所选用的雷达距离标尺带来的任何限制；

(ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use;

（３）海况、天气和其他干扰源对雷达探测的影响；

(iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference;

（４）在适当距离内，雷达对小船、浮冰和其他漂浮物胃探测不到的可能性；

(iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range; 

（５）雷达探测到的船舶数目、位置和动态；

(v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar;

（６）当用雷达测定附近船舶或其他物体的距离时，可能对能见度作出更确切的估计。

(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.

第七条 碰撞危险

Rule 7 Risk of collision

１．每一船舶应用适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段断定是否存在碰境危险，如有任何怀疑，则应认为存在这种危险。

(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. 

２．如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予以使用，包括远距离扫瞄，以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。

(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects.

３．不应根据不充分的资料，特别是不充分的雷达观测资料作出推断。

(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.

４．在断定是否存在碰撞危险时，考虑的因素中应包括下列各点：

(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account:

（１）如果来船的罗经方位没有明显的变化，则应认为存在这种危险；

(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change, 

（２）即使有明显的方位变化，有时也可能存在这种危险，特别是在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带船组时，或是在近距离驶近他船时。

(ii) such risks may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.

第八条 避免碰撞的行动

Rule 8 Action to avoid collision

１．为避免砬撞所采取的任何行动，如当时环境许可，应是积极地，并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺。

(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship. 

２．为避免碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的任何变动，如当时环境许可，应大得足以使他船用视觉或雷达观察时容易察觉到；应避免对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动。

(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.

３．如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行动，倘若这种行动是及时的，大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。

(c) lf there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close-quarters situation.

４．为避免与船碰撞而采取的行动，应能导致在安全的距离驶过。应细心查核避让行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清他船为止。

(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.

５．如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计局面，船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。

(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.

第九条 狭水道

Rule 9 Narrow channels

１．船舶沿狭水道或航道行驶时，只要安全可行，应尽量靠近本船右舷的该水道或航道的外缘行驶。

(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. 

２．帆船或者长度小于２０米的船舶，不应妨碍只能在狭水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。

(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.

３．从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍任何其他在狭水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway. 

４．船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道，如果这种穿越会妨碍只能在这种水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。后者若对穿越船的意图有怀疑时，可以使用第三十四条第４款所规定的声号。

(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel.

５．（１）在狭水道或航道内，如只有在被追越船必须采取行动以允许安全通过才能追越时，则企图追越的船，应鸣放第三十四条第３款（１）项所规定的相应声号，以表示本船的意图。被迫越船如果同意，应呜放第三十四条３款（２）项所规定的相应声号，并采取使之能安全通过的措施。如有怀疑，则可以鸣放第三十四条第４款所规定的声号。

(e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).

（２）本条并不解除追越船根据第十三条所负的义务。

(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13

６．船舶在驶近可能被居间障碍物遮蔽他船的狭水道或航道的弯头或地段时，应特别机警和谨慎地驾驶，并应鸣放第三十四条５款所规定的相应声号。

(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e). 

７．任何船舶，如当时环境许可，都应避免在狭水道内锚泊。

(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel

第十条 分道通航制

Rule 10 Traffic separation schemes

１．本条适用于本组织所采纳的各分道通航制。

(a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization. 

２．使用分道通航制区域的船舶应：

(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall: 

（１）在相应的通航分道内顺着该分道的船舶总流向行驶；

(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane; 

（２）尽可能让开通航分隔线或分隔带；

(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone; 

（３）通常在通航分道的端部驶进或驶出，但从分道的一侧驶进或驶出时应与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。

(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from the side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.

３．船舶应尽可能避免穿越通航分道，但如不得不穿越时，应尽可能与分道的船舶总流向成直角穿越。

c) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow. 

４．凡可安全使用邻近分道通航制区域中相应通航分道的过境航行，通常不应使用沿岸通航带。

(d) Inshore traffic zones shall not normally be used by through traffic which can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. 

５．除穿越船外，船舶通常不应进入分隔带或穿越分隔线，除非：

(e) A vessel, other than a crossing vessel, shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except:

（１）紧急情况下避免紧迫危险；

(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger; 

（２）在分隔带内从事捕鱼。

(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.

６．船舶在分道通航制区域端部附近行驶时，应特别谨慎。

(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with particular caution. 

７．船舶应尽可能避免在分道通航制区域内或其端部附近锚泊。

(g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations. 

８．不使用分道通航制区域的船舶，应尽可能远离该区。

(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.

９．从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的任何船舶的通行。

(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane. 

１０．帆船或长度小于２０米的船舶，不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的机动船的安全通行。

(j) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.

第二节 船舶在互见中的行动规则

SECTION II - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER

第十一条 适用范围

Rule 11 Application

本节各条适用于互见中的船舶。

Rules in this Section apply to vessels in sight of one another.

第十二条 帆船

Rule 12 Sailing vessels

１．两艘帆船相互驶近致有构成碰撞危险时，其中一船应按下列规定给他船让路：

(a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows:

（１）两船在不同舷受风时，左舷受风的船应给他船让路；

(i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other; 

（２）两船在同舷受风时，上风船应给下风船让路；

(ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;

（３）如左舷受风的船看到在上风的船而不能断定究竟该船是左舷受风还是右舷受风，则应给该船让路。

(iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.

２．就本条规定而言，船舶的受风舷侧应认为是主帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧；对于帆船，由应认为是最大纵帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧。

(b) For the purposes of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.

第十三条 追越

Rule 13 Overtaking

１．不论本节各条规定如何，任何船舶在追越任何他船时，均应给被追越船让路。

(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of this Section any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken. 

２．一船正从他船正横后大于２２．５度的某一方向赶上他船时，即该船对其所追越的船所处位置，在夜间只能看见被追越船的尾灯而不能看见它的任一舷灯时，应认为是在追越中。

(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.

３．当一船对其是否在追越他船有任何怀疑时，该船应假定是在追越，并应采取相应的行动。

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.

４．随后两船间方位的任何改变，都不应把追越船作为规则各条含义中所指的交叉船，或者免除其让开被追越船的责任，直到最后驶过让清为止。

(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.

第十四条 对遇局面

Rule 14 Head-on situation

１．当两艘机动船在相反的或接近相反的航向上相遇致有构成碰撞危险时，各应向右转向，从而各从他船的左舷驶过。

(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. 

２．当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方，并在夜间，能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线或接近一直线，和（或）两盏舷灯；在日间，看到他船的上述相应形态时，则应认为存在这样的局面。

(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.

３．当一船对是否存在这样的局面有任何怀疑时，该船应假定确实存在这种局面，并应采取相应的行动。

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly.

第十五条 交叉相遇局面

Rule 15 Crossing situation

当两艘机动船交叉相遇致有构成碰撞危险时，有他船在本船右舷的船舶应给他船让路，如当时环境许可，还应避免横越他船的前方。

When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.

第十六条 让路船的行动

Rule 16 Action by give-way vessel

须给他船让路的船舶，应尽可能及早采取大幅度的行动，宽裕地让清他船。

Every vessel which is directed by these Rules to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear. 

第十七条 直航船的行动

Rule 17 Action by stand-on vessel

１．（１）两船中的一船应给另一船让路时，另一船应保持航向和航速。

(a) (i) Where by any of these Rules one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and speed.

（２）然而，当保持航向和航速的船一经发觉规定的让路船显然没有遵照本规则各条采取行动时，该船即可独自采取操纵行动，以避免碰撞。

(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.

２．当规定保持航向和航速的船，发觉本船不论由于何种原因逼近到单凭让路船的行动不能避免碰撞时，也应采取最有助于避碰的行动。

(b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision. 

３．在交叉相遇局面下，机动船按照本条１款（２）项采取行动以避免与另一艘机动船碰撞时，如当时环境许可，不应对在本船左舷的船采取向左转向。

(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.

４．本条并不解除让路船的让路义务。

(d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way.

第十八条 船舶之间的责任

Rule 18 Responsibilities between vessels

除第九、十和十三条另有规定外：

Except where Rules 9, 10 and 13 otherwise require:

１．机动船在航时应给下述船舶让路：

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: 

（１）失去控制的船舶；

(i) a vessel not under command; 

（２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶；

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;

（３）从事捕鱼的船舶；

(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; 

（４）帆船。

(iv) a sailing vessel. 

２．帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路：

(b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: 

（１）失去控制的船舶；

(i) a vessel not under command; 

（２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶。

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;

（３）从事捕鱼的船舶。

(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing. 

３．从事捕鱼的船舶在航时，应尽可能给下述船舶让路：

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way: 

（１）失去控制的船舶；

(i) a vessel not under command;

（２）操纵能力受到限制的船舶。

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.

４．（１）除失去控制的船舶或操纵能力受到限制的船舶外，任何船舶，如当时环境许可，应避免妨碍显示第二十八条信号的限于吃水的船舶的安全通行。

(d) (i) Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28.

（２）限于吃水的船舶应充分注意到其特殊条件，特别谨慎地驾驶。

(ii) A vessel constrained by her draught shall navigate with particular caution having full regard to her special condition.

５．在水面的水上飞机，通常应宽裕地让清所有的船舶并避免妨碍其航行。然而在有碰撞危险的情况下，则应遵守本章各条的规定。

(e) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.

第三节 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则

SECTION III - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY

第十九条 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则

Rule 19 Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility

１．本条适用于在能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。

(a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. 

２．每一船舶应以适应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶，机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备。

(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power-driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. 

３．在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船舶应适当考虑到当时能见度不良的环境和情况。

(c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part.

４．一船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判定是否正在形成紧迫局面和（或）存在着碰撞危险。若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，这种行动如包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点：

(d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided:

（１）除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取向左转向；

(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken; 

（２）对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。

(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.

５．除已断定不存在碰撞危险外，每一船舶当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横以前，或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时，应将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停住，而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。

(e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close-quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.

第三章 号灯和号型

PART C LIGHTS AND SHAPES 

第二十条 适用范围

Rule 20 Application

１．本章各条在各种天气中都应遵守。

(a) Rules in this Part shall be complied with in all weathers. 

２．有关号灯的各条规定，从日没到日出时都应遵守。在此时间内不应显示别的灯光，但那些不会被误认为本规则各条订明的号灯，或者不会妨碍正规了望的灯光除外。

(b) The Rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these Rules or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with the keeping of a proper look-out.

３．本规则各条所规定的号灯，如已设置，也应从日出到日没在能见度不良的情况下显示，并可在一切其他认为必要的情况下显示。

(c) The lights prescribed by these Rules shall, if carried, also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. 

４．有关号型的各条规定，在白天都应遵守。

(d) The Rules concerning shapes shall be complied with by day.

５．本规则各条订明的号灯和号型，应符合本规则附录的规定。

(e) The lights and shapes specified in these Rules shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Regulations.

第二十一条 定义

Rule 21 Definitions

１．“桅灯”是指安置的船首尾中心线上方的白灯，在２２５度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到每一舷正横后２２．５度内显示。

(a) "Masthead light" means a white light placed over the fore and aft centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.

２．“舷灯”是指右舷的绿灯和左舷的红灯，各在１１２．５度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到各自一舷的正横后２２．５度内分别显示。长度小于２０米的船舶，其舷灯可以合并成一盏，装设于船的首尾中心线上。

(b) "Sidelights" means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 metres in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel.

３．“尾灯”是指安置在尽可能按近船尾的白灯，在１３５度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正后方到每一舷６７．５度内显示。

(c) "Stern light" means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel.

４．“拖带灯”是指具有与本条３款所述“尾灯”有相同特性的黄灯。

(d) "Towing light" means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the "stern light" defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule.

５．“环照灯”是指在３６０度的水平弧内显示不间断灯光的号灯。

(e) "All round light" means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. 

６．“闪光灯”是指每隔一定时间以每分钟频率１２０闪次或１２０以上闪次的闪光的号灯。

(f ) "Flashing light" means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute.

第二十二条 号灯的能见距离

Rule 22 Visibility of lights

本规则各条规定的号灯，应具有本规则附录一第８节订明的发光强度，以便在下列最小距离上能被看到：

The lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 of Annex I to these Regulations so as to be visible at the following minimum ranges: 

１．长度为５０米或５０米以上的船舶：

(a) In vessels of 50 metres or more in length: 

－－桅灯，６海里；

- a masthead light, 6 miles; 

－－舷灯，３海里；

- a sidelight, 3 miles; 

－－尾灯，３海里；

- a sternlight, 3 miles; 

－－拖带灯，３海里；

- a towing light, 3 miles;

－－白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，３海里

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles.

２．长度为１２米或１２米以上但小于５０米的船舶：

(b) In vessels of 12 metres or more in length but less than 50 metres in length: 

－－桅灯，５海里；但长度小于２０米的船舶，３里海

- a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 metres, 3 miles; 

－－舷灯，２海里；

- a sidelight, 2 miles;

－－尾灯，２海里；

- a sternlight, 2 miles; 

－－拖带灯，２海里；

- a towing light, 2 miles; 

－－白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，２海里；

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. 

３．长度小于１２米的船舶：

(c) In vessels of less than 12 metres in length:

－－桅灯，２海里；

- a masthead light, 2 miles; 

－－舷灯，１海里；

- a sidelight, 1 mile; 

－－尾灯，２海里；

- a sternlight, 2 miles; 

－－拖带灯，２海里；

- a towing light, 2 miles;

－－白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，２海里；

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.

第二十三条 在航机动船

Rule 23 Power-driven vessels underway

１．在航机动船应显示：

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:

（１）在前部一盏桅灯；

(i) a masthead light forward; 

（２）第二盏桅灯，后于并高于前桅灯；长度小于５０米的船舶，不要求显示该桅灯，但可以这样做；

(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 metres in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so;

（３）两盏舷灯；

(iii) sidelights; 

（４）一盏尾灯。

(iv) a sternlight.

２．气垫船在非排水状态下航行时，除本条１款规定的号灯外，还应显示一盏环照黄色闪光灯。

(b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light. 

３．长度如小于７米且其最高速度又不超过７节的机动船，可以显示一盏环照白灯以代替本条１款规定的号灯。如可行，这种船还应显示舷灯。

(c) A power-driven vessel of less than 7 metres in length and whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may, in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round white light. Such vessel shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights.

第二十四条 拖带和顶推

Rule 24 Towing and pushing

１．机动船当拖带时应显示：

(a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:

（１）在前部垂直两盏桅灯，以取代第二十三条１款（１）项规定的号灯。当从拖船船尾量到被拖被体后端的拖带长度超过２００米时，垂直显示三盏这样的号灯；

(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i), two masthead lights forward in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 metres, three such lights in a vertical line; 

（２）两盏舷灯；

(ii) sidelights; 

（３）一盏尾灯；

(iii) a sternlight;

（４）一盏拖带灯垂直于尾灯的上方；

(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight;

（５）当拖带长度超过２００米时，在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。

(v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.

２．当一顶推船和一被顶推船牢固地连接成为一组合体时，则应作为一艘机动船，显示第二十三条规定的号灯。

(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23. 

３．机动船当顶推或旁拖时，除组合体外，应显示：

(c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit: 

（１）在前部垂直的两盏桅灯，以取代第二十三条１款（１）项规定的号灯；

(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i), two masthead lights forward in a vertical line; 

（２）两盏舷灯；

(ii) sidelights; 

（３）一盏尾灯。

(iii) a sternlight.

４．适用本条１和３款的机动船，还应遵守第二十三条１款（２）项的规定。

(d) A power-driven vessel to which paragraphs (a) and (c) of this Rule apply shall also comply with Rule 23(a)(ii).

５．一被拖船或被拖物体应显示：

(e) A vessel or object being towed shall exhibit: 

（１）两盏舷灯；

(i) sidelights;

（２）一盏尾灯；

(ii) a sternlight; 

（３）当拖带长度超过２００米时，在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。

(iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.

６．任何数目的船舶如作为一组被旁拖或顶推时，应作为一艘船来显示号灯：

(f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, 

（１）一艘被顶推船，但不是组合体的组成部分，应在前端显示两盏舷灯；

(i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights;

（２）一艘被旁拖的船应显示一盏尾灯，并在前端显示两盏舷灯。

(ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end, sidelights.

７．凡由于任何充分原因，被拖船舶或物体不可能显示本条５款规定的号灯时，应采取一切可能措施使被拖船舶或物体上有灯光，或者至少能表明无灯光的船舶或物体存在。

(g) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (e) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least to indicate the presence of the unlighted vessel or object.

第二十五条 在航帆船和划桨船

Rule 25 Sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars

１．在航帆船应显示：

(a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit:

（１）两盏舷灯；

(i) sidelights; 

（２）一盏尾灯；

(ii) a sternlight.

２．在长度小于１２米的帆船上，本条１款规定的号灯可以合并成一盏，装设在桅顶或接近桅顶的最易见处。

(b) In a sailing vessel of less than 12 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen. 

３．在航帆船，除本条１款规定的号灯外，还可在桅顶或接近桅顶的最易见处，垂直显示两盏环照灯，上红下绿。但这些环照灯不应和本条２款所允许的合色灯同时显示。

(c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule.

４．（１）长度小于７米的帆船，如可行，应显示本条１或２款规定的号灯。但如果不这样做，则应在手边备妥白光的电筒一个或点着的白灯一盏，及早显示，以防碰撞。

(d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 metres in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.

（２）划桨船可以显示本条为帆船规定的号灯，但如不这样做，则应在手边备妥白光的电筒一个或点着的白灯一盏，及早显示，以防碰撞。

(ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision

５．用帆行驶同时也用机器推进的船舶，应在前部最易见处显示一个圆锥体号型，尖端向下。

(e) A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards.

第二十六条 渔船

Rule 26 Fishing vessels

１．从事捕鱼的船舶，不论在航还是锚泊，只应显示本条规定的号灯和号型。

(a) A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shall exhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule. 

２．船舶从事拖网作业，即在水中拖曳爬网或其他用作渔具的装置时，应显示

(b) A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as a fishing appliance, shall exhibit:

（１）垂直两盏环照灯，上绿下白，或一个由上下垂直、尖端对接的两个圆锥体所组成的号型；长度小于２０米的船舶，可以显示一个篮子以取代这种号型；

(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with their apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; a vessel of less than 20 metres in length may instead of this shape exhibit a basket; 

（２）一盏桅灯，后于并高于那盏环照绿灯；长度小于５０米的船舶，则不要求显示该桅灯，但可以这样做；

(ii) a masthead light abaft of and higher than the all-round green light; a vessel of less than 50 metres in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such a light but may do so; 

（３）当对水移动时，除本款规定的号灯外，还应显示两盏舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

３．从事捕鱼的船舶，除拖网作业者外，应显示：

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing, other than trawling, shall exhibit: 

（１）垂直两盏环照灯，上红下白，或一个由上下垂直、尖端对接的两个圆锥体所组成的号型；长度小于２０米的船舶，可以显示一个篮子以取代这种号型；

(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; a vessel of less than 20 metres in length may instead of this shape exhibit a basket;

（２）当有外伸渔具，其从船边伸出的水平距离大于１５０米时，应朝着渔具的方向显示一盏环照灯或一个尖端向上的圆锥体号型；

(ii) when there is outlying gear extending more than 150 metres horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear;

（３）当对水移动时，除本款规定的号灯外，还应显示两理舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

４．在邻近其他从事捕鱼船舶处从事捕鱼的船舶，可以显示本规定附录二所述的额外信号。

(d) A vessel engaged in fishing in close proximity to other vessels may exhibit the additional signals described in Annex II to these Regulations.

５．船舶不从事捕鱼时，不应显示本条规定的号灯或号型，但应显示为其同样长度的船舶所规定的号灯或号型。

(e) A vessel when not engaged in fishing shall not exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in this Rule, but only those prescribed for a vessel of her length.

第二十七条 失去控制或操纵能力受到限制的船舶

Rule 27 Vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre

１．失去控制的船舶应显示：

(a) A vessel not under command shall exhibit: 

（１）在最易见处，垂直两盏环照红灯；

(i) two all-round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen;

（２）在最易见外，垂直两个球体或类似的号型；

(ii) two balls or similar shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen;

（３）当对水移动时，除本款规定的号灯外，还应显示两盏舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

２．操纵能力受到限制的船舶，除从事扫雷作业的船舶外，应显示：

(b) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, except a vessel engaged in minesweeping operations, shall exhibit: 

（１）在最易见处，垂直三盏环照灯，最上和最下者应是红色，中间一盏应是白色；

(i) three all-round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these lights shall be red and the middle light shall be white;

（２）在最易见处，垂直三个号型，最上和最下者应是球体，中间一个应是菱形体；

(ii) three shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these shapes shall be balls and the middle one a diamond;

（３）当对水移动时，除本款（１）项规定的号灯外，还应显示桅灯、舷灯和尾灯；

(iii) when making way through the water, masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight, in addition to the lights prescribed in sub-paragraph (i);

（４）当锚泊时，除本款（１）和（２）项规定的号灯或号型外，还应显示第三十条规定的一盏或两盏号灯或一个号型。

(iv) when at anchor, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii), the light, lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30.

３．从事一项使之不能偏离其航向的拖带作业的船舶，除本条２款（１）和（２）项规定的号灯或号型外，还应显示第二十四条１款规定的号灯或号型。
　　

(c) A vessel engaged in a towing operation such as renders her unable to deviate from her course shall, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraph (b)(i) and (ii) of this Rule, exhibit the lights or shape prescribed in Rule 24(a). 

４．从事疏浚或水下作业的船舶，当其操纵能力受到限制时，应显示本条２款规定的号灯或号型。此外，当存在障碍物时，还应显示：

(d) A vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations, when restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, shall exhibit the lights and shapes prescribed in paragraph (b) of this Rule and shall in addition, when an obstruction exists, exhibit:

（１）在障碍物存在的一舷，垂直两盏环照灯或两个球体；

(i) two all-round red lights or two balls in a vertical line to indicate the side on which the obstruction exists; 

（２）在他船可以通过的一舷，垂直两盏环照绿灯或两个菱形体；

(ii) two all-round green lights or two diamonds in a vertical line to indicate the side on which another vessel may pass;

（３）当对水移动时，除本款规定的号灯外，另应显示桅灯、舷灯和尾灯；

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight;

（４）适用本款的船舶当锚泊时，应显示（１）和（２）项规定的号灯或号型以取代第三十条规定的号灯和号型。

(iv) a vessel to which this paragraph applies when at anchor shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) instead of the lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30.

５．当从事潜水作业的船舶尺度使之不可能显示本条４款规定的号型时，应显示一个国际信号“Ａ”的硬质复制品，其高度不小于１米，并应采取措施以保证周围都能见到。

(e) Whenever the size of a vessel engaged in diving operations makes it impracticable to exhibit the shapes prescribed in paragraph (d) of this Rule, a rigid replica of the International Code flag "A" not less than 1 metre in height shall be exhibited. Measures shall be taken to ensure all-round visibility. 

６．从事扫雷作业的船舶，除第二十三条为机动船规定的号灯外，还应显示三盏环照绿灯或三个球体。这些号灯或号型之一应在前桅桅顶或接近前桅桅顶处显示，其余应在前桅桁两端各显示一个。这些号灯或号型表示他船驶近扫雷船的后方１０００米以内或任何一舷５００米以内是危险的。

(f) A vessel engaged in minesweeping operations shall, in addition to the lights prescribed for a power-driven vessel in Rule 23, exhibit three all-round green lights or three balls. One of these lights or shapes shall be exhibited at or near the foremast head and one at each end of the fore yard. These lights or shapes indicate that it is dangerous for another vessel to approach closer than 1,000 metres astern or 500 metres on either side of the minesweeper.

７．长度小于７米的船舶，不要求显示本条规定的号灯。

(g) Vessels of less than 7 metres in length shall not be required to exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule.

８．本条规定的信号不是船舶遇险求救的信号。船舶遇险求救的信号载于本规则附录四内。

(h) The signals prescribed in this Rule are not signals of vessels in distress and requiring assistance. Such signals are contained in Annex IV to these Regulations.

第二十八条 限于吃水的船舶

Rule 28 Vessels constrained by their draught

限于吃水的船舶，除第二十三条为机动船规定的号灯外，还可在最易见处垂直显示三盏环照红灯，或者一个圆柱体。

A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the lights prescribed for power-driven vessels in Rule 23, exhibit where they can best be seen three all-round red lights in a vertical line, or a cylinder.

第二十九条 引航船舶

Rule 29 Pilot vessels

１．执行引航任务的船舶应显示：

(a) A vessel engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit:

（１）在桅顶或接近桅顶处，垂直两盏环照外，上白下红；

(i) at or near the masthead, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being white and the lower red; 

（２）当在航时，外加舷灯和尾灯；

(ii) when underway, in addition, sidelights and a sternlight;

（３）当锚泊时，除本款（１）项规定的号灯外，还应显示一盏或两盏锚灯或一个号型。

(iii) when at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in sub-paragraph (i), the anchor light, lights or shape.

２．引航船当不执行引航任务时，应显示为其同样长度的同类船舶规定的号灯或号型。

(b) A pilot vessel when not engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed for a similar vessel of her length.

第三十条 锚泊船舶和搁浅船舶

Rule 30 Anchored vessels and vessels aground

１．锚泊中的船舶应在最易见处显示：

(a) A vessel at anchor shall exhibit where it can best be seen: 

（１）在船的前部，一盏环照白灯或一个救体；

(i) in the fore part, an all-round white light or one ball; 

（２）在船尾或接近船尾并低于本款（１）项规定的号灯处，一盏环照白灯。

(ii) at or near the stern and at a lower level than the light prescribed in sub-paragraph (i), an all-round white light.

２．长度小于５０米的船舶，可以在最易见处显示一盏环照白灯，以取代本条１款规定的号灯。

(b) A vessel of less than 50 metres in length may exhibit an all-round white light where it can best be seen instead of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule. 

３．锚泊中的船舶，还可以使用现有的工作灯或同等的灯照明甲板，而长度为１００米及１００米以上的船舶应当使用这类灯。

(c) A vessel at anchor may, and a vessel of 100 metres and more in length shall, also use the available working or equivalent lights to illuminate her decks.

４．搁浅的船舶应显示本条１或２款规定的号灯，并在最易见处外加：

(d) A vessel aground shall exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule and in addition, where they can best be seen:

（１）垂直两盏环照红灯；

(i) two all-round red lights in a vertical line; 

（２）垂直三个球体。

(ii) three balls in a vertical line.

５．长度小于７米的船舶，不得在狭水道、航道、锚地或其他船舶通常航行的水域中或其附近锚泊搁浅时，不要求显示本条１、２或４款规定的号灯或号型。

(e) A vessel of less than 7 metres in length, when at anchor or aground, not in or near a narrow channel, fairway or anchorage, or where other vessels normally navigate, shall not be required to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (d) of this Rule.

第三十一条 水上飞机

Rule 31 Seaplanes

当水上飞机不可能显示按本章各条规定的各种特性或位置的号灯和号型时，则应显示尽可能近似于这种特性和位置的号灯和号型。

Where it is impracticable for a seaplane to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of this Part she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as is possible.

第四章 声响和灯光信号

PART D SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS 

第三十二条 定义

Rule 32 Definitions

１．“号笛”一词，指能够发出规定笛声并符合本规则附录三所载规格的任何声响信号器具。

(a) The word "whistle" means any sound signalling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and which complies with the specifications in Annex III to these Regulations. 

２．“短声”一词，指历时约一秒钟的笛声。

(b) The term "short blast" means a blast of about one second's duration.

３．“长声”一词，指历时四到六秒钟的笛声。

(c) The term "prolonged blast" means a blast of from four to six seconds' duration.

第三十三条 声号设备

Rule 33 Equipment for sound signals

１．长度为１２米或１２米以上的船舶，应配备一个号笛和一个号钟，长度为１００米或１００米以上的船舶，另应配有一面号锣。号锣的间调和声音不可与号钟相混淆。号笛、号钟和号锣应符合本规则附录三所载规格。号钟、号锣或二者可用与其各自声音特性相同的其他设备代替，但任何时候都要能以手动鸣放规定的声号。
　　

(a) A vessel of 12 metres or more in length shall be provided with a whistle and a bell and a vessel of 100 metres or more in length shall, in addition, be provided with a gong, the tone and sound of which cannot be confused with that of the bell. The whistle, bell and gong shall comply with the specifications in Annex III to these Regulations. The bell or gong or both may be replaced by other equipment having the same respective sound characteristics, provided that manual sounding of the required signals shall always be possible. 

２．长度小于１２米的船舶，不要求备有本条１款规定的声响信号器具。如不备有，则应配置能够鸣放有效声号的它种设备。

(b) A vessel of less than 12 metres in length shall not be obliged to carry the sound signalling appliances prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule but if she does not, she shall be provided with some other means of making an efficient sound signal.

第三十四条 操纵和警告信号

Rule 34 Manoeuvring and warning signals

１．当船舶在互见中，在航机动船按本规则准许或要求进行操纵时，应用号笛发出下列声号表明之：

(a) When vessels are in sight of one another, a power-driven vessel underway, when manoeuvring as authorized or required by these Rules, shall indicate that manoeuvre by the following signals on her whistle:

－－一短声 表示“我船正在向右转向”；
－－二短声 表示“我船正在向左转向”；
－－三短声 表明“我船正在向右推进”。

- one short blast to mean "I am altering my course to starboard"; 

- two short blasts to mean "I am altering my course to port"; 

- three short blasts to mean "I am operating astern propulsion".

２．在操作过程中，任何船舶均可用灯号补充本条１款规定的笛号，这种灯号可根据情况予以重复：

(b) Any vessel may supplement the whistle signals prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule by light signals, repeated as appropriate, whilst the manoeuvre is being carried out: 

（１）这些灯号应具有以下意义：

(i) these light signals shall have the following significance:

－－一闪 表示“我船正在向右转向”；
－－二闪 表示“我船正在向左转向”；
－－三闪 表示“我船正在向后推进”。

- one flash to mean "I am altering my course to starboard"; 

- two flashes to mean "I am altering my course to port"; 

- three flashes to mean "I am operating astern propulsion";

（２）每闪历时应一秒钟，各闪间隔应约一秒钟，前后信号的间隔应不少于十秒钟；

(ii) the duration of each flash shall be about one second, the interval between flashes shall be about one second, and the interval between successive signals shall be not less than ten seconds; 

（３）如设有用作信号的号灯，则应是一盏环照白灯，其能见距离至少为５海里，并应符合附录一所载规定。

(iii) the light used for this signal shall, if fitted, be an all-round white light, visible at a minimum range of 5 miles, and shall comply with the provisions of Annex I.

３．在狭水道或航道内互见时：

(c) When in sight of one another in a narrow channel or fairway: 

（１）一艘企图追越他船的船舶应遵照第九条５款（１）项的规定，以号笛发出下列声号表示其意图：

(i) a vessel intending to overtake another shall in compliance with Rule 9(e)(i) indicate her intention by the following signals on her whistle:

－－二长声断以一短声，表示“我船企图从你船的右舷追越”；
－－二长声断以二短声，表示“我船企图从你船的左舷追越”；

- two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast to mean "I intend to overtake you on your starboard side"; 

- two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts to mean "I intend to overtake you on your port side". 

（２）将要被追越的船舶，当按照第九条５款（１）项行动时，应以号笛依次发出下列声号表示同意：

(ii) the vessel about to be overtaken when acting in accordance with Rule 9(e)(i) shall indicate her agreement by the following signal on her whistle: 

－－一长、一短、一长、一短声。

- one prolonged, one short, one prolonged and one short blast, in that order.

４．当互见中船舶正在互相驶近，并且不论由于何种原因，任何一船无法了解他船的意图行动，或者怀疑他船是否正在采取足够的行动以避免碰撞时，存在怀疑的船应立即用笛鸣放至少五声短而急的声号以表示这种怀疑。该声号可以用至少五次短而急的闪光来补充。

(d) When vessels in sight of one another are approaching each other and from any cause either vessel fails to understand the intentions or actions of the other, or is in doubt whether sufficient action is being taken by the other to avoid collision, the vessel in doubt shall immediately indicate such doubt by giving at least five short and rapid blasts on the whistle. Such signal may be supplemented by a light signal of at least five short and rapid flashes.

５．船舶在驶近可能被居间的障碍物遮蔽他船的水道或航道的弯头或地段时，应鸣放一长声。该声号应由弯头另一面或居间障碍物后方可能听到它的任何来船回答一长声。

(e) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall sound one prolonged blast. Such signal shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel that may be within hearing around the bend or behind the intervening obstruction.

６．如船上所装几个号笛，其间距大于１００米，则只应使用一个号笛鸣放操纵和警告声号。

(f) If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more than 100 metres, one whistle only shall be used for giving manoeuvring and warning signals.

第三十五条 能见度不良时使用的声号

Rule 35 Sound signals in restricted visibility

在能见度不良的水域或其附近时，不论日间还是夜间，本条规定的声号应使用如下：

In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows: 

１．机动船对水移动时，应以每次不超过２分钟的间隔鸣放长声。

(a) A power-driven vessel making way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast. 

２．在航机动船但已停车并且不对水移动时，应以每次不超过２分钟的间隔连续鸣放二长声，二长声间隔约２秒钟。

(b) A power-driven vessel underway but stopped and making no way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them. 

３．失去控制的船舶、操纵能力受到限制的船舶、限于吃水的船舶、帆船、从事捕鱼的船舶，以及从事拖带或顶推他船的船舶，应以每次不超过２分钟的间隔连续鸣放三声，即一长声继以二短声，以取代本条１或２款规定的声号。

(c) A vessel not under command, a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, a vessel constrained by her draught, a sailing vessel, a vessel engaged in fishing and a vessel engaged in towing or pushing another vessel shall, instead of the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule, sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes three blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by two short blasts.

４．一艘被拖船或者多艘被拖船的最后一艘，如配有船员，应以每次不超过２分钟的间隔连续鸣放四声，即一长声继以三短声。当可行时，这种声号应在拖船鸣放声之后立即鸣放。

(d) A vessel towed or if more than one vessel is towed the last vessel of the tow, if manned, shall at intervals of not more than 2 minutes sound four blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by three short blasts. When practicable, this signal shall be made immediately after the signal made by the towing vessel.

５．当一顶推船和一被顶推船牢固地连接成为一个组合体时，应作为一艘机动船，鸣放本条１或２款规定的声号。

(e) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and shall give the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule.

６．锚泊中的船舶，应以每次不超过１分钟的间隔急敲号钟约５秒钟。长度为１００米或１００米以上的船舶，应在船的前部敲打号钟，并应在紧接钟声之后，在船的后部急敲号锣约５秒钟。此外，锚泊中的船舶，还可以连续鸣放三声，即一短、一长和一短声，以警告驶近的船舶注意本船位置和碰撞的可能性。

(f) A vessel at anchor shall at intervals of not more than one minute ring the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. In a vessel of 100 metres or more in length the bell shall be sounded in the forepart of the vessel and immediately after the ringing of the bell the gong shall be sounded rapidly for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel. A vessel at anchor may in addition sound three blasts in succession, namely one short, one prolonged and one short blast, to give warning of her position and of the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel.

７．搁浅的船舶应鸣放本条６款规定的钟号，如有要求，应加发锣号。此外，还应在紧接急敲号钟之前和之后各敲打分隔而清晰的号钟三下。搁浅的船舶还可以鸣放合适的笛号。

(g) A vessel aground shall give the bell signal and if required the gong signal prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule and shall, in addition, give three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after the rapid ringing of the bell. A vessel aground may in addition sound an appropriate whistle signal.

８．长度小于１２米的船舶，不要求鸣放上述声号，但如不鸣放上述声号，则应以每次不超过２分钟的间隔鸣放他种有效的声号。

(h) A vessel of less than 12 metres in length shall not be obliged to give the above-mentioned signals but, if she does not, shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.

９．引航船当执行引航任务时，除本条１、２或６款规定的声号外，还可以鸣放由四短声组成的识别声号。

(i) A pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may in addition to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (f) of this Rule sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.

第三十六条 引起注意的信号

Rule 36 Signals to attract attention

如有必要引起他船注意，任何船舶可以发出灯光或声响信号，但这种信号应不致被误认为本规则其他各条所准许的任何信号，或者可用不致妨碍任何船舶的方式把探照灯光的光束朝着危险的方向。

If necessary to attract the attention of another vessel any vessel may make light or sound signals that cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in these Rules, or may direct the beam of her searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way as not to embarrass any vessel.

第三十七条 遇险信号

Rule 37 Distress signals

船舶遇险并需要救助时，应使用或显示本规则附录四规定的信号。

When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance she shall use or exhibit the signals prescribed in Annex IV to these Regulations.

第五章 豁免

PART E EXEMPTIONS 

第三十八条 豁免

Rule 38 Exemptions

在本规则生效之前安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的任何船舶（或任何一类船舶）只要符合１９６０年国际海上避碰规则的要求，则可：

Any vessel (or class of vessels) provided that she complies with the requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960, the keel of which is laid or which is at a corresponding stage of construction before the entry into force of these Regulations may be exempted from compliance therewith as follows:

１．在本规则生效之日后四年内，免除安装达到第二十二条规定能见距离的号灯。

(a) The installation of lights with ranges prescribed in Rule 22, until four years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations. 

２．在本规则生效之日后四年内，免除安装符合本规则附录一第７节规定的颜色规格的号灯。

(b) The installation of lights with colour specifications as prescribed in Section 7 of Annex I to these Regulations, until four years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

３．永远免除由于从英制单位变换为米制单位以及丈量数字凑整而产生的号灯位置的调整。

(c) The repositioning of lights as a result of conversion from Imperial to metric units and rounding off measurement figures, permanent exemption.

４．（１）永远免除长度小于１５０米的船舶由于附录一第３节（１）规定而产生的桅灯位置的调整。

(d) (i) The repositioning of masthead lights on vessels of less than 150 metres in length, resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(a) of Annex I, permanent exemption.

（２）在本规则生效之日后九年内，免除由于附录一第２节（２）规定而产生的桅灯位置的调整。

(ii) The repositioning of masthead lights on vessels of 150 metres or more in length, resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(a) of Annex I to these Regulations, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

５．在本规则生效之日后九年内，免除由于附录一第２节（２）规定而产生地桅灯位置的调整。

(e) The repositioning of masthead lights resulting from the prescriptions of Section 2(b) of Annex I, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations. 

６．在本规则生效之日后九年内，免除由于附录一第２节（７）和第３节（２）规定而产生的舷灯位置的调整。

(f) The repositioning of sidelights resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(b) of Annex I, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

７．在本规则生效之日后九年内，免除附录三对声号器具所规定的要求。

(g) The requirements for sound signal appliances prescribed in Annex III, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.