1972年《国际海上避碰规则公约》 --中英文对照版
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1972年《国际海上避碰规则公约》 --中英文对照版

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1972年国际海上避碰规则公约

Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972

各缔约国,本着保持高度的海上安全的愿望,注意到有必要对1960年国际海上人命安全会议最终议定书所附的国际海上避碰规则进行修订并使之适应新的情况,经就该规则被认可以来的发展情况对之进行了审议,现协议如下:

THE PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION, 

DESIRING to maintain a high level of safety at sea, 

MINDFUL of the need to revise and bring up to date the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea annexed to the Final Act of the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, 

HAVING CONSIDERED those Regulations in the light of developments since they were approved, 

HAVE AGREED as follows: 

I条 一般义务

Article I General obligations

本公约各缔约国保证实施构成本公约所附1972年国际海上避碰规则(以下简称本规则)的各项条款及其他附录。

The Parties to the present Convention undertake to give effect to the Rules and other Annexes constituting the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, (hereinafter referred to as "the Regulations") attached hereto.

II条 签署、批准、接受、核准和加入

Article II Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession

1.本公约保持开放到1973年6月1日为止供签署,此后继续开放供加入。

1. The present Convention shall remain open for signature until 1 June 1973 and shall thereafter remain open for accession.

2.联合国或其任何专门机构或国际原子能机构的会员国,或国际法院规约的当事方,可按照下列方式参加本公约:

2. States Members of the United Nations, or of any of the Specialized Agencies, or the International Atomic Energy Agency, or Parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may become Parties to this Convention by: 

(a)签署并对批准、接受或核准无保留;

(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; 

(b)签署而有待批准、接受或核准,随后予以批准、接受或核准;或

(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or 

(c)加入。

(c) accession.

3.批准、接受、核准或加入须向政府间海事协商组织(以下简称本组织)交存相应的文件,方为有效。本组织应将每一上述文件的交存和交存日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

3. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Organization") which shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to the present Convention of the deposit of each instrument and of the date of its deposit.

III条 适用的领土

Article III Territorial application

1.联合国如系某一领土的管理当局,或任一缔约国如负责某一领土的国际关系,可随时以书面通知本组织秘书长(以下简称秘书长),将本公约扩大适用于该领土。

1. The United Nations in cases where they are the administering authority for a territory or any Contracting Party responsible for the international relations of a territory may at any time by notification in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the Secretary-General"), extend the application of this Convention to such a territory.

2.本公约应自接到通知之日或通知中规定的其他日期起,扩大适用于通知中所述领土。

2. The present Convention shall, upon the date of receipt of the notification or from such other date as may be specified in the notification, extend to the territory named therein.

3对根据本条第1款所作通知中所述的任何领土,均可撤销扩大适用,经一年后或撤销时规定的更长期限后,本公约即不再适用于该领土。

3. Any notification made in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article may be withdrawn in respect of any territory mentioned in that notification and the extension of this Convention to that territory shall cease to apply after one year or such longer period as may be specified at the time of the withdrawal.

 

 

4.秘书长应将根据本条所递交的任何扩大适用或撤销扩大适用的通知,通知所有缔约国。

4. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties of the notification of any extension or withdrawal of any extension communicated under this Article.

IV条 

Article IV Entry into force

1.(a)本公约应在至少有15个国家参加本公约之日起12个月后生效,该15国的商船总和应不少于全世界100总吨及100总吨以上船舶的艘数或吨位的65%。以先达到者为准。

1. (a) The present Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date on which at least 15 States, the aggregate of whose merchant fleets constitutes not less than 65 per cent by number or by tonnage of the world fleet of vessels of 100 gross tons and over have become Parties to it, whichever is achieved first.

(b)尽管有本款(a)项的规定,本公约在1976年1月1日之前不应生效。

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, the present Convention shall not enter into force before 1 January 1976.

2.对于在达到本条第1款(a)项所规定的条件之后而在本公约生效之前按照第II条规定批准。接受。核准或加入本公约的国家,应自本公约生效之日起生效。

2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention in accordance with Article II after the conditions prescribed in sub-paragraph 1(a) have been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.

3.对于在本公约生效之日以后批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家,应自按第II条规定交存文件之日起生效。

3. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede after the date on which this Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article II.

4.在本公约修正案按照第VI条第4款规定生效之日后,任何批准、接受、核准或加入,都应适用修正后的公约。

4. After the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article VI, any ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall apply to the Convention as amended.

 

5.本公约生效之日,本规则即代替并废除1960年国际海上避碰规则。

5. On the date of entry into force of this Convention, the Regulations replace and abrogate the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960.

6.秘书长应将生效日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

6. The Secretary-General shall inform the Governments of States that have signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of its entry into force.

V条 修订会议

Article V Revision conference

1.本组织可以召开会议修订本公约或本规则,或修订二者。

1. A Conference for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both may be convened by the Organization.

2.经不少于三分之一的缔约国请求,本组织应召开缔约国会议,以修订本公约或本规则,或修订二者。

2. The Organization shall convene a Conference of Contracting Parties for the purpose of revising this Convention or the Regulations or both at the request of not less than one-third of the Contracting Parties.

VI条 本规则的修正

Article VI Amendments to the Regulations

1.任一缔约国对本规则所提的任何修正案,经其请求后,应在本组织中予以审议。

1. Any amendment to the Regulations proposed by a Contracting Party shall be considered in the Organization at the request of that Party.

2.如该修正案经出席本组织海上安全委员会并投票的三分之二多数通过,则至少应在本组织大会对之审议前6个月将其通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。在大会审议该修正案时,非本组织会员的任何缔约国均有权参加。

2. If adopted by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, such amendment shall be communicated to all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization at least six months prior to its consideration by the Assembly of the Organization. Any Contracting Party which is not a Member of the Organization shall be entitled to participate when the amendment is considered by the Assembly.

 

 

 

3.如该修正案经出席大会并投票的三分之二多数通过,秘书长应将其通知所有缔约国以供接受。

3. If adopted by a two-third majority of those present and voting in the Assembly, the amendment shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Contracting Parties for their acceptance.

4.该项修正案应在大会通过时所决定的日期生效,除非在大会所同时确定的一个较早日期之前,有三分之一以上的缔约国通知本组织反对该修正案。本款所指经大会决定的两个日期,应由到会并投票的三分之二多数通过。

4. Such an amendment shall enter into force on a date to be determined by the Assembly at the time of its adoption unless, by a prior date determined by the Assembly at the same time, more than one-third of the Contracting Parties notify the Organization of their objection to the amendment. Determination by the Assembly of the dates referred to in this paragraph shall be by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting.

5.任何修正案一经生效后,对于未曾对修正案提出反对的所有缔约国,即应取代并废止该修正案所涉及的任何原有的规定。

5. On entry into force any amendment shall, for all Contracting Parties which have not objected to the amendment, replace and supersede any previous provision to which the amendment refers.

6.秘书长应将按本条所作的任何请求和通知以及修正案的生效日期,通知所有缔约国和本组织会员。

6. The Secretary-General shall inform all Contracting Parties and Members of the Organization of any request and communication under this Article and the date on which any amendment enters into force.

VII条 退

Article VII Denunciation

1.任何缔约国,在本公约对其生效满五年后,可随时退出本公约。

1. The present Convention may be denounced by a Contracting Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention entered into force for that Party.

2.退出本公约应向本组织交存相应的文件。秘书长应将所收到的退出文件及该文件的交存日期通知所有其他缔约国。

2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the Organization. The Secretary-General shall inform all other Contracting Parties of the receipt of the instrument of denunciation and of the date of its deposit.

 

 

3.退出应在交存文件一年后或该文件中规定的更长期限后生效。

3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument, after its deposit.

VIII条 保管和登记

Article VIII Deposit and registration

1.本公约与本规则应交存本组织保管。秘书长应将核证无误的副本分送所有已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。

1. The present Convention and the Regulations shall be deposited with the Organization, and the Secretary-General shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all Governments of States that have signed this Convention or acceded to it.

2.当本公约生效时,秘书长应按照联合国宪章第102条的规定,将该文本送联合国秘书处登记并公布。

2. When the present Convention enters into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-General to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

LX条 

Article IX Languages

本公约连同本规则用英文和法文写成单一文本,两种文本具有同等效力。应备有俄文和西班牙文的正式译本,与签署的原本一并存放。下列具名的经各国政府正式授权的代表,特签署本公约,以昭信守。1972年10月20日订于伦敦。

The present Convention is established, together with the Regulations, in a single copy in the English and French languages, both texts being equally authentic. Official translations in the Russian and Spanish languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present Convention. 

DONE AT LONDON this twentieth day of October one thousand nine hundred and seventy-two.

 

 

一九七二年国际海上避碰规则

INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972

第一章 总则

PART A GENERAL

第一条 适用范围

Rule 1 Application

1.本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。

(a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.

2.本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则各条。

(b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.

3.本规则各条,不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯或信号灯的任何特殊规定的实施。这些额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯或信号。

(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or signal lights for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules. 

4.为实施本规则,本组织可以采纳分道通航制。

(d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules. 

 

 

 

 

5.凡经有关政府确定,某种特殊构造或用途的船舶,如须完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定,就不能影响其特殊功能时,则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。

(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, without interfering with the special function of the vessel, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel. 

第二条 责任

Rule 2 Responsibility

1.本规则各条不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽,或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。

(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.

2.在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时,应适当考虑到,为避免紧迫危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险,以及任何特殊情况,其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。

(b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.

第三条 一般定义

Rule 3 General definitions

除其他条文另有解释外,在本规则中:

For the purpose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires:

 

1.船舶一词,指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水船筏,包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。

(a) The word "vessel" includes every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water.

2.机动船一词,指用机器推进的任何船舶。

(b) The term "power-driven vessel" means any vessel propelled by machinery.

3.帆船一词,指任何驶帆的船舶,包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。

(c) The term "sailing vessel" means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used.

4.从事捕鱼的船舶一词,指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶,但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。

(d) The term "vessel engaged in fishing" means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict manoeuvrability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoeuvrability.

5.水上飞机一词,包括为能在水面操纵而设计的任何航空器。

(e) The word "seaplane" includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.

6.失去控制的船舶一词,指由于某种异常的情况,不能按本规则各条的要求进行操纵,因而不能给他船让路的船舶。

(f) The term "vessel not under command" means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.

7.操纵能力受到限制的船舶一词,指由于工作性质,使其按本规则要求进行操纵的能力受到限制,因而不能给他船让路的船舶。下列船舶应作为操纵能力受到限制的船舶:

(g) The term "vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre" means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.

 The following vessels shall be regarded as vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre:

(1)从事敷设、维修或起捞助航标志、海底电缆或管道的船舶;
(2)从事疏浚、测量或水下作业的船舶;
(3)在航中从事补给或转运人员、食品或货物的船舶;
(4)从事发放或回收航空器的船舶;
(5)从事扫雷作业的船舶;
(6)从事拖带作业的船舶,而该项拖带作业使该拖船及其被拖船偏离所驶航向的能力严重受到限制者。

(i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline; 

(ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations; 

(iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway; 

(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft; 

(v) a vessel engaged in minesweeping operations; 

(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as renders her unable to deviate from her course. 

8.限于吃水的船舶一词,指由于吃水与可用水深的关系,致使其偏离所驶航向的能力严重地受到限制的机动船。

(h) The term "vessel constrained by her draught" means a power-driven vessel which because of her draught in relation to the available depth of water is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following.

9.在航一词,指船舶不在锚泊、系岸或搁浅。

(i) The word "underway" means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground. 

10.船舶的长度宽度是指其总长度和最大宽度。

(j) The words "length" and "breath" of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest breadth.

11.只有当一船能自他船以视觉看到时,才应认为两船是在互见中。

(k) Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other.

12.能见度不良一词,指任何由于雾、霾、下雪、暴风雨、沙暴或任何其他类似原因而使能见度受到限制的情况。

(l) The term "restricted visibility" means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.

第二章 驾驶和航行规则

PART B STEERING AND SAILING RULES

第一节 船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动规则

SECTION I - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF VISIBILITY

第四条 适用范围

Rule 4 Application

本节各条适用于任何能见度的情况。

Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility.

第五条 了望

Rule 5 Look-out

每一船舶应经常用视觉、听觉以及适合当时环境和情况下一切有效的手段保持正规的了望,以便对局面和碰撞危险作出充分的估计。

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

第六条 安全航速

Rule 6 Safe speed

每一船舶在任何时候应用安全航速行驶,以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行动,并能在适合当时环境和情况的距离以内把船停住。

在决定安全航速时,考虑的因素中应包括下列各点:

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. 

In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account:

1.对所有船舶:

(a) By all vessels: 

(1)能见度情况;

(i) the state of visibility; 

(2)通航密度,包括渔船或者任何其他船舶的密集程度;

(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;

(3)船舶的操纵性能,特别是在当时情况下的冲程和旋回性能;

(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions;

(4)夜间出现的背景亮光,诸如来自岸上的灯光或本船灯光的反向散射;

(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her own lights;

(5)风、浪和流的状况以及靠近航海危险物的情况;

(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;

(6)吃水与可用水深的关系。

(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water.

2.对备有可使用的雷达的船舶,还须考虑:

(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar: 

(1)雷达设备的特性、效率和局限性;

(i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment; 

(2)所选用的雷达距离标尺带来的任何限制;

(ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use;

(3)海况、天气和其他干扰源对雷达探测的影响;

(iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference;

(4)在适当距离内,雷达对小船、浮冰和其他漂浮物胃探测不到的可能性;

(iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range; 

(5)雷达探测到的船舶数目、位置和动态;

(v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar;

(6)当用雷达测定附近船舶或其他物体的距离时,可能对能见度作出更确切的估计。

(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.

第七条 碰撞危险

Rule 7 Risk of collision

1.每一船舶应用适合当时环境和情况的一切有效手段断定是否存在碰境危险,如有任何怀疑,则应认为存在这种危险。

(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. 

 

 

2.如装有雷达设备并可使用的话,则应正确予以使用,包括远距离扫瞄,以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报,并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。

(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects.

3.不应根据不充分的资料,特别是不充分的雷达观测资料作出推断。

(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.

4.在断定是否存在碰撞危险时,考虑的因素中应包括下列各点:

(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account:

(1)如果来船的罗经方位没有明显的变化,则应认为存在这种危险;

(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change, 

(2)即使有明显的方位变化,有时也可能存在这种危险,特别是在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带船组时,或是在近距离驶近他船时。

(ii) such risks may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.

第八条 避免碰撞的行动

Rule 8 Action to avoid collision

1.为避免砬撞所采取的任何行动,如当时环境许可,应是积极地,并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺。

(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship. 

2.为避免碰撞而作的航向和(或)航速的任何变动,如当时环境许可,应大得足以使他船用视觉或雷达观察时容易察觉到;应避免对航向和(或)航速作一连串的小变动。

(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.

3.如有足够的水域,则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行动,倘若这种行动是及时的,大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。

(c) lf there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close-quarters situation.

4.为避免与船碰撞而采取的行动,应能导致在安全的距离驶过。应细心查核避让行动的有效性,直到最后驶过让清他船为止。

(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.

5.如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计局面,船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。

(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.

第九条 狭水道

Rule 9 Narrow channels

1.船舶沿狭水道或航道行驶时,只要安全可行,应尽量靠近本船右舷的该水道或航道的外缘行驶。

(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. 

2.帆船或者长度小于20米的船舶,不应妨碍只能在狭水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。

(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.

3.从事捕鱼的船舶,不应妨碍任何其他在狭水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway. 

4.船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道,如果这种穿越会妨碍只能在这种水道或航道以内安全航行的船舶通行。后者若对穿越船的意图有怀疑时,可以使用第三十四条第4款所规定的声号。

(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel.

5.(1)在狭水道或航道内,如只有在被追越船必须采取行动以允许安全通过才能追越时,则企图追越的船,应鸣放第三十四条第3款(1)项所规定的相应声号,以表示本船的意图。被迫越船如果同意,应呜放第三十四条3款(2)项所规定的相应声号,并采取使之能安全通过的措施。如有怀疑,则可以鸣放第三十四条第4款所规定的声号。

(e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).

(2)本条并不解除追越船根据第十三条所负的义务。

(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13

6.船舶在驶近可能被居间障碍物遮蔽他船的狭水道或航道的弯头或地段时,应特别机警和谨慎地驾驶,并应鸣放第三十四条5款所规定的相应声号。

(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e). 

7.任何船舶,如当时环境许可,都应避免在狭水道内锚泊。

(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel

第十条 分道通航制

Rule 10 Traffic separation schemes

1.本条适用于本组织所采纳的各分道通航制。

(a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization. 

2.使用分道通航制区域的船舶应:

(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall: 

(1)在相应的通航分道内顺着该分道的船舶总流向行驶;

(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane; 

 

(2)尽可能让开通航分隔线或分隔带;

(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone; 

(3)通常在通航分道的端部驶进或驶出,但从分道的一侧驶进或驶出时应与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。

(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from the side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.

3.船舶应尽可能避免穿越通航分道,但如不得不穿越时,应尽可能与分道的船舶总流向成直角穿越。

c) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow. 

4.凡可安全使用邻近分道通航制区域中相应通航分道的过境航行,通常不应使用沿岸通航带。

(d) Inshore traffic zones shall not normally be used by through traffic which can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. 

5.除穿越船外,船舶通常不应进入分隔带或穿越分隔线,除非:

(e) A vessel, other than a crossing vessel, shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except:

(1)紧急情况下避免紧迫危险;

(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger; 

(2)在分隔带内从事捕鱼。

(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.

6.船舶在分道通航制区域端部附近行驶时,应特别谨慎。

(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with particular caution. 

7.船舶应尽可能避免在分道通航制区域内或其端部附近锚泊。

(g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations. 

8.不使用分道通航制区域的船舶,应尽可能远离该区。

(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.

9.从事捕鱼的船舶,不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的任何船舶的通行。

(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane. 

10.帆船或长度小于20米的船舶,不应妨碍按通航分道行驶的机动船的安全通行。

(j) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.

第二节 船舶在互见中的行动规则

SECTION II - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER

第十一条 适用范围

Rule 11 Application

本节各条适用于互见中的船舶。

Rules in this Section apply to vessels in sight of one another.

第十二条 帆船

Rule 12 Sailing vessels

1.两艘帆船相互驶近致有构成碰撞危险时,其中一船应按下列规定给他船让路:

(a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows:

(1)两船在不同舷受风时,左舷受风的船应给他船让路;

(i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other; 

(2)两船在同舷受风时,上风船应给下风船让路;

(ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;

(3)如左舷受风的船看到在上风的船而不能断定究竟该船是左舷受风还是右舷受风,则应给该船让路。

(iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.

2.就本条规定而言,船舶的受风舷侧应认为是主帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧;对于帆船,由应认为是最大纵帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧。

(b) For the purposes of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.

第十三条 追越

Rule 13 Overtaking

1.不论本节各条规定如何,任何船舶在追越任何他船时,均应给被追越船让路。

(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of this Section any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken. 

2.一船正从他船正横后大于22.5度的某一方向赶上他船时,即该船对其所追越的船所处位置,在夜间只能看见被追越船的尾灯而不能看见它的任一舷灯时,应认为是在追越中。

(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.

3.当一船对其是否在追越他船有任何怀疑时,该船应假定是在追越,并应采取相应的行动。

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.

4.随后两船间方位的任何改变,都不应把追越船作为规则各条含义中所指的交叉船,或者免除其让开被追越船的责任,直到最后驶过让清为止。

(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.

第十四条 对遇局面

Rule 14 Head-on situation

1.当两艘机动船在相反的或接近相反的航向上相遇致有构成碰撞危险时,各应向右转向,从而各从他船的左舷驶过。

(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. 

2.当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方,并在夜间,能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线或接近一直线,和(或)两盏舷灯;在日间,看到他船的上述相应形态时,则应认为存在这样的局面。

(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.

3.当一船对是否存在这样的局面有任何怀疑时,该船应假定确实存在这种局面,并应采取相应的行动。

(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly.

第十五条 交叉相遇局面

Rule 15 Crossing situation

当两艘机动船交叉相遇致有构成碰撞危险时,有他船在本船右舷的船舶应给他船让路,如当时环境许可,还应避免横越他船的前方。

When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.

第十六条 让路船的行动

Rule 16 Action by give-way vessel

须给他船让路的船舶,应尽可能及早采取大幅度的行动,宽裕地让清他船。

Every vessel which is directed by these Rules to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear. 

第十七条 直航船的行动

Rule 17 Action by stand-on vessel

1.(1)两船中的一船应给另一船让路时,另一船应保持航向和航速。

(a) (i) Where by any of these Rules one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and speed.

(2)然而,当保持航向和航速的船一经发觉规定的让路船显然没有遵照本规则各条采取行动时,该船即可独自采取操纵行动,以避免碰撞。

(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.

2.当规定保持航向和航速的船,发觉本船不论由于何种原因逼近到单凭让路船的行动不能避免碰撞时,也应采取最有助于避碰的行动。

(b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision. 

 

 

3.在交叉相遇局面下,机动船按照本条1款(2)项采取行动以避免与另一艘机动船碰撞时,如当时环境许可,不应对在本船左舷的船采取向左转向。

(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.

4.本条并不解除让路船的让路义务。

(d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way.

第十八条 船舶之间的责任

Rule 18 Responsibilities between vessels

除第九、十和十三条另有规定外:

Except where Rules 9, 10 and 13 otherwise require:

1.机动船在航时应给下述船舶让路:

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: 

(1)失去控制的船舶;

(i) a vessel not under command; 

(2)操纵能力受到限制的船舶;

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;

(3)从事捕鱼的船舶;

(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; 

(4)帆船。

(iv) a sailing vessel. 

2.帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路:

(b) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of: 

(1)失去控制的船舶;

(i) a vessel not under command; 

(2)操纵能力受到限制的船舶。

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;

(3)从事捕鱼的船舶。

(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing. 

3.从事捕鱼的船舶在航时,应尽可能给下述船舶让路:

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way: 

(1)失去控制的船舶;

(i) a vessel not under command;

(2)操纵能力受到限制的船舶。

(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.

4.(1)除失去控制的船舶或操纵能力受到限制的船舶外,任何船舶,如当时环境许可,应避免妨碍显示第二十八条信号的限于吃水的船舶的安全通行。

(d) (i) Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28.

(2)限于吃水的船舶应充分注意到其特殊条件,特别谨慎地驾驶。

(ii) A vessel constrained by her draught shall navigate with particular caution having full regard to her special condition.

5.在水面的水上飞机,通常应宽裕地让清所有的船舶并避免妨碍其航行。然而在有碰撞危险的情况下,则应遵守本章各条的规定。

(e) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.

第三节 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则

SECTION III - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY

第十九条 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则

Rule 19 Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility

1.本条适用于在能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。

(a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. 

2.每一船舶应以适应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶,机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备。

(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power-driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. 

3.在遵守本章第一节各条时,每一船舶应适当考虑到当时能见度不良的环境和情况。

(c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of Section I of this Part.

4.一船仅凭雷达测到他船时,应判定是否正在形成紧迫局面和(或)存在着碰撞危险。若是如此,应及早地采取避让行动,这种行动如包括转向,则应尽可能避免如下各点:

(d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoided:

(1)除对被追越船外,对正横前的船舶采取向左转向;

(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being overtaken; 

(2)对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。

(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.

5.除已断定不存在碰撞危险外,每一船舶当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横以前,或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时,应将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时,应把船完全停住,而且,无论如何,应极其谨慎地驾驶,直到碰撞危险过去为止。

(e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close-quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.

第三章 号灯和号型

PART C LIGHTS AND SHAPES 

第二十条 适用范围

Rule 20 Application

1.本章各条在各种天气中都应遵守。

(a) Rules in this Part shall be complied with in all weathers. 

2.有关号灯的各条规定,从日没到日出时都应遵守。在此时间内不应显示别的灯光,但那些不会被误认为本规则各条订明的号灯,或者不会妨碍正规了望的灯光除外。

(b) The Rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these Rules or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with the keeping of a proper look-out.

 

3.本规则各条所规定的号灯,如已设置,也应从日出到日没在能见度不良的情况下显示,并可在一切其他认为必要的情况下显示。

(c) The lights prescribed by these Rules shall, if carried, also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. 

4.有关号型的各条规定,在白天都应遵守。

(d) The Rules concerning shapes shall be complied with by day.

5.本规则各条订明的号灯和号型,应符合本规则附录的规定。

(e) The lights and shapes specified in these Rules shall comply with the provisions of Annex I to these Regulations.

第二十一条 定义

Rule 21 Definitions

1.桅灯是指安置的船首尾中心线上方的白灯,在225度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光,其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到每一舷正横后22.5度内显示。

(a) "Masthead light" means a white light placed over the fore and aft centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.

2.舷灯是指右舷的绿灯和左舷的红灯,各在112.5度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光,其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到各自一舷的正横后22.5度内分别显示。长度小于20米的船舶,其舷灯可以合并成一盏,装设于船的首尾中心线上。

(b) "Sidelights" means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 metres in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel.

3.尾灯是指安置在尽可能按近船尾的白灯,在135度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光,其装置要使灯光从船的正后方到每一舷67.5度内显示。

(c) "Stern light" means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel.

4.拖带灯是指具有与本条3款所述尾灯有相同特性的黄灯。

(d) "Towing light" means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the "stern light" defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule.

5.环照灯是指在360度的水平弧内显示不间断灯光的号灯。

(e) "All round light" means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. 

6.闪光灯是指每隔一定时间以每分钟频率120闪次或120以上闪次的闪光的号灯。

(f ) "Flashing light" means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute.

第二十二条 号灯的能见距离

Rule 22 Visibility of lights

本规则各条规定的号灯,应具有本规则附录一第8节订明的发光强度,以便在下列最小距离上能被看到:

The lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 of Annex I to these Regulations so as to be visible at the following minimum ranges: 

1.长度为50米或50米以上的船舶:

(a) In vessels of 50 metres or more in length: 

--桅灯,6海里;

- a masthead light, 6 miles; 

--舷灯,3海里;

- a sidelight, 3 miles; 

--尾灯,3海里;

- a sternlight, 3 miles; 

--拖带灯,3海里;

- a towing light, 3 miles;

--白、红、绿或黄色环照灯,3海里

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles.

2.长度为12米或12米以上但小于50米的船舶:

(b) In vessels of 12 metres or more in length but less than 50 metres in length: 

--桅灯,5海里;但长度小于20米的船舶,3里海

- a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 metres, 3 miles; 

--舷灯,2海里;

- a sidelight, 2 miles;

--尾灯,2海里;

- a sternlight, 2 miles; 

--拖带灯,2海里;

- a towing light, 2 miles; 

--白、红、绿或黄色环照灯,2海里;

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. 

3.长度小于12米的船舶:

(c) In vessels of less than 12 metres in length:

--桅灯,2海里;

- a masthead light, 2 miles; 

--舷灯,1海里;

- a sidelight, 1 mile; 

--尾灯,2海里;

- a sternlight, 2 miles; 

--拖带灯,2海里;

- a towing light, 2 miles;

--白、红、绿或黄色环照灯,2海里;

- a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.

第二十三条 在航机动船

Rule 23 Power-driven vessels underway

1.在航机动船应显示:

(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:

(1)在前部一盏桅灯;

(i) a masthead light forward; 

(2)第二盏桅灯,后于并高于前桅灯;长度小于50米的船舶,不要求显示该桅灯,但可以这样做;

(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 metres in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so;

(3)两盏舷灯;

(iii) sidelights; 

(4)一盏尾灯。

(iv) a sternlight.

 

2.气垫船在非排水状态下航行时,除本条1款规定的号灯外,还应显示一盏环照黄色闪光灯。

(b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacement mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light. 

3.长度如小于7米且其最高速度又不超过7节的机动船,可以显示一盏环照白灯以代替本条1款规定的号灯。如可行,这种船还应显示舷灯。

(c) A power-driven vessel of less than 7 metres in length and whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may, in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit an all-round white light. Such vessel shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights.

第二十四条 拖带和顶推

Rule 24 Towing and pushing

1.机动船当拖带时应显示:

(a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:

(1)在前部垂直两盏桅灯,以取代第二十三条1款(1)项规定的号灯。当从拖船船尾量到被拖被体后端的拖带长度超过200米时,垂直显示三盏这样的号灯;

(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i), two masthead lights forward in a vertical line. When the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 metres, three such lights in a vertical line; 

(2)两盏舷灯;

(ii) sidelights; 

(3)一盏尾灯;

(iii) a sternlight;

(4)一盏拖带灯垂直于尾灯的上方;

(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight;

(5)当拖带长度超过200米时,在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。

(v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.

 

 

2.当一顶推船和一被顶推船牢固地连接成为一组合体时,则应作为一艘机动船,显示第二十三条规定的号灯。

(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23. 

 

3.机动船当顶推或旁拖时,除组合体外,应显示:

(c) A power-driven vessel when pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit: 

(1)在前部垂直的两盏桅灯,以取代第二十三条1款(1)项规定的号灯;

(i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i), two masthead lights forward in a vertical line; 

(2)两盏舷灯;

(ii) sidelights; 

(3)一盏尾灯。

(iii) a sternlight.

4.适用本条1和3款的机动船,还应遵守第二十三条1款(2)项的规定。

(d) A power-driven vessel to which paragraphs (a) and (c) of this Rule apply shall also comply with Rule 23(a)(ii).

5.一被拖船或被拖物体应显示:

(e) A vessel or object being towed shall exhibit: 

(1)两盏舷灯;

(i) sidelights;

(2)一盏尾灯;

(ii) a sternlight; 

(3)当拖带长度超过200米时,在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。

(iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where it can best be seen.

 

 

 

6.任何数目的船舶如作为一组被旁拖或顶推时,应作为一艘船来显示号灯:

(f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, 

(1)一艘被顶推船,但不是组合体的组成部分,应在前端显示两盏舷灯;

(i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights;

(2)一艘被旁拖的船应显示一盏尾灯,并在前端显示两盏舷灯。

(ii) a vessel being towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end, sidelights.

7.凡由于任何充分原因,被拖船舶或物体不可能显示本条5款规定的号灯时,应采取一切可能措施使被拖船舶或物体上有灯光,或者至少能表明无灯光的船舶或物体存在。

(g) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (e) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least to indicate the presence of the unlighted vessel or object.

第二十五条 在航帆船和划桨船

Rule 25 Sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars

1.在航帆船应显示:

(a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit:

(1)两盏舷灯;

(i) sidelights; 

(2)一盏尾灯;

(ii) a sternlight.

2.在长度小于12米的帆船上,本条1款规定的号灯可以合并成一盏,装设在桅顶或接近桅顶的最易见处。

(b) In a sailing vessel of less than 12 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen. 

 

 

3.在航帆船,除本条1款规定的号灯外,还可在桅顶或接近桅顶的最易见处,垂直显示两盏环照灯,上红下绿。但这些环照灯不应和本条2款所允许的合色灯同时显示。

(c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule.

4.(1)长度小于7米的帆船,如可行,应显示本条1或2款规定的号灯。但如果不这样做,则应在手边备妥白光的电筒一个或点着的白灯一盏,及早显示,以防碰撞。

(d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 metres in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.

(2)划桨船可以显示本条为帆船规定的号灯,但如不这样做,则应在手边备妥白光的电筒一个或点着的白灯一盏,及早显示,以防碰撞。

(ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision

5.用帆行驶同时也用机器推进的船舶,应在前部最易见处显示一个圆锥体号型,尖端向下。

(e) A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards.

第二十六条 渔船

Rule 26 Fishing vessels

1.从事捕鱼的船舶,不论在航还是锚泊,只应显示本条规定的号灯和号型。

(a) A vessel engaged in fishing, whether underway or at anchor, shall exhibit only the lights and shapes prescribed in this Rule. 

2.船舶从事拖网作业,即在水中拖曳爬网或其他用作渔具的装置时,应显示

(b) A vessel when engaged in trawling, by which is meant the dragging through the water of a dredge net or other apparatus used as a fishing appliance, shall exhibit:

(1)垂直两盏环照灯,上绿下白,或一个由上下垂直、尖端对接的两个圆锥体所组成的号型;长度小于20米的船舶,可以显示一个篮子以取代这种号型;

(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with their apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; a vessel of less than 20 metres in length may instead of this shape exhibit a basket; 

(2)一盏桅灯,后于并高于那盏环照绿灯;长度小于50米的船舶,则不要求显示该桅灯,但可以这样做;

(ii) a masthead light abaft of and higher than the all-round green light; a vessel of less than 50 metres in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such a light but may do so; 

(3)当对水移动时,除本款规定的号灯外,还应显示两盏舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

3.从事捕鱼的船舶,除拖网作业者外,应显示:

(c) A vessel engaged in fishing, other than trawling, shall exhibit: 

(1)垂直两盏环照灯,上红下白,或一个由上下垂直、尖端对接的两个圆锥体所组成的号型;长度小于20米的船舶,可以显示一个篮子以取代这种号型;

(i) two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower white, or a shape consisting of two cones with apexes together in a vertical line one above the other; a vessel of less than 20 metres in length may instead of this shape exhibit a basket;

(2)当有外伸渔具,其从船边伸出的水平距离大于150米时,应朝着渔具的方向显示一盏环照灯或一个尖端向上的圆锥体号型;

(ii) when there is outlying gear extending more than 150 metres horizontally from the vessel, an all-round white light or a cone apex upwards in the direction of the gear;

(3)当对水移动时,除本款规定的号灯外,还应显示两理舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

 

 

4.在邻近其他从事捕鱼船舶处从事捕鱼的船舶,可以显示本规定附录二所述的额外信号。

(d) A vessel engaged in fishing in close proximity to other vessels may exhibit the additional signals described in Annex II to these Regulations.

5.船舶不从事捕鱼时,不应显示本条规定的号灯或号型,但应显示为其同样长度的船舶所规定的号灯或号型。

(e) A vessel when not engaged in fishing shall not exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in this Rule, but only those prescribed for a vessel of her length.

第二十七条 失去控制或操纵能力受到限制的船舶

Rule 27 Vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre

1.失去控制的船舶应显示:

(a) A vessel not under command shall exhibit: 

(1)在最易见处,垂直两盏环照红灯;

(i) two all-round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen;

(2)在最易见外,垂直两个球体或类似的号型;

(ii) two balls or similar shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen;

(3)当对水移动时,除本款规定的号灯外,还应显示两盏舷灯和一盏尾灯。

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, sidelights and a sternlight.

2.操纵能力受到限制的船舶,除从事扫雷作业的船舶外,应显示:

(b) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, except a vessel engaged in minesweeping operations, shall exhibit: 

(1)在最易见处,垂直三盏环照灯,最上和最下者应是红色,中间一盏应是白色;

(i) three all-round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these lights shall be red and the middle light shall be white;

(2)在最易见处,垂直三个号型,最上和最下者应是球体,中间一个应是菱形体;

(ii) three shapes in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these shapes shall be balls and the middle one a diamond;

 

(3)当对水移动时,除本款(1)项规定的号灯外,还应显示桅灯、舷灯和尾灯;

(iii) when making way through the water, masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight, in addition to the lights prescribed in sub-paragraph (i);

(4)当锚泊时,除本款(1)和(2)项规定的号灯或号型外,还应显示第三十条规定的一盏或两盏号灯或一个号型。

(iv) when at anchor, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii), the light, lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30.

3.从事一项使之不能偏离其航向的拖带作业的船舶,除本条2款(1)和(2)项规定的号灯或号型外,还应显示第二十四条1款规定的号灯或号型。
  

(c) A vessel engaged in a towing operation such as renders her unable to deviate from her course shall, in addition to the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraph (b)(i) and (ii) of this Rule, exhibit the lights or shape prescribed in Rule 24(a). 

4.从事疏浚或水下作业的船舶,当其操纵能力受到限制时,应显示本条2款规定的号灯或号型。此外,当存在障碍物时,还应显示:

(d) A vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations, when restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, shall exhibit the lights and shapes prescribed in paragraph (b) of this Rule and shall in addition, when an obstruction exists, exhibit:

(1)在障碍物存在的一舷,垂直两盏环照灯或两个球体;

(i) two all-round red lights or two balls in a vertical line to indicate the side on which the obstruction exists; 

(2)在他船可以通过的一舷,垂直两盏环照绿灯或两个菱形体;

(ii) two all-round green lights or two diamonds in a vertical line to indicate the side on which another vessel may pass;

(3)当对水移动时,除本款规定的号灯外,另应显示桅灯、舷灯和尾灯;

(iii) when making way through the water, in addition to the lights prescribed in this paragraph, masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight;

(4)适用本款的船舶当锚泊时,应显示(1)和(2)项规定的号灯或号型以取代第三十条规定的号灯和号型。

(iv) a vessel to which this paragraph applies when at anchor shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) instead of the lights or shape prescribed in Rule 30.

5.当从事潜水作业的船舶尺度使之不可能显示本条4款规定的号型时,应显示一个国际信号的硬质复制品,其高度不小于1米,并应采取措施以保证周围都能见到。

(e) Whenever the size of a vessel engaged in diving operations makes it impracticable to exhibit the shapes prescribed in paragraph (d) of this Rule, a rigid replica of the International Code flag "A" not less than 1 metre in height shall be exhibited. Measures shall be taken to ensure all-round visibility. 

6.从事扫雷作业的船舶,除第二十三条为机动船规定的号灯外,还应显示三盏环照绿灯或三个球体。这些号灯或号型之一应在前桅桅顶或接近前桅桅顶处显示,其余应在前桅桁两端各显示一个。这些号灯或号型表示他船驶近扫雷船的后方1000米以内或任何一舷500米以内是危险的。

(f) A vessel engaged in minesweeping operations shall, in addition to the lights prescribed for a power-driven vessel in Rule 23, exhibit three all-round green lights or three balls. One of these lights or shapes shall be exhibited at or near the foremast head and one at each end of the fore yard. These lights or shapes indicate that it is dangerous for another vessel to approach closer than 1,000 metres astern or 500 metres on either side of the minesweeper.

7.长度小于7米的船舶,不要求显示本条规定的号灯。

(g) Vessels of less than 7 metres in length shall not be required to exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule.

8.本条规定的信号不是船舶遇险求救的信号。船舶遇险求救的信号载于本规则附录四内。

(h) The signals prescribed in this Rule are not signals of vessels in distress and requiring assistance. Such signals are contained in Annex IV to these Regulations.

第二十八条 限于吃水的船舶

Rule 28 Vessels constrained by their draught

限于吃水的船舶,除第二十三条为机动船规定的号灯外,还可在最易见处垂直显示三盏环照红灯,或者一个圆柱体。

A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the lights prescribed for power-driven vessels in Rule 23, exhibit where they can best be seen three all-round red lights in a vertical line, or a cylinder.

第二十九条 引航船舶

Rule 29 Pilot vessels

1.执行引航任务的船舶应显示:

(a) A vessel engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit:

(1)在桅顶或接近桅顶处,垂直两盏环照外,上白下红;

(i) at or near the masthead, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being white and the lower red; 

(2)当在航时,外加舷灯和尾灯;

(ii) when underway, in addition, sidelights and a sternlight;

(3)当锚泊时,除本款(1)项规定的号灯外,还应显示一盏或两盏锚灯或一个号型。

(iii) when at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in sub-paragraph (i), the anchor light, lights or shape.

2.引航船当不执行引航任务时,应显示为其同样长度的同类船舶规定的号灯或号型。

(b) A pilot vessel when not engaged on pilotage duty shall exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed for a similar vessel of her length.

第三十条 锚泊船舶和搁浅船舶

Rule 30 Anchored vessels and vessels aground

1.锚泊中的船舶应在最易见处显示:

(a) A vessel at anchor shall exhibit where it can best be seen: 

(1)在船的前部,一盏环照白灯或一个救体;

(i) in the fore part, an all-round white light or one ball; 

(2)在船尾或接近船尾并低于本款(1)项规定的号灯处,一盏环照白灯。

(ii) at or near the stern and at a lower level than the light prescribed in sub-paragraph (i), an all-round white light.

2.长度小于50米的船舶,可以在最易见处显示一盏环照白灯,以取代本条1款规定的号灯。

(b) A vessel of less than 50 metres in length may exhibit an all-round white light where it can best be seen instead of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule. 

3.锚泊中的船舶,还可以使用现有的工作灯或同等的灯照明甲板,而长度为100米及100米以上的船舶应当使用这类灯。

(c) A vessel at anchor may, and a vessel of 100 metres and more in length shall, also use the available working or equivalent lights to illuminate her decks.

 

4.搁浅的船舶应显示本条1或2款规定的号灯,并在最易见处外加:

(d) A vessel aground shall exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule and in addition, where they can best be seen:

(1)垂直两盏环照红灯;

(i) two all-round red lights in a vertical line; 

(2)垂直三个球体。

(ii) three balls in a vertical line.

5.长度小于7米的船舶,不得在狭水道、航道、锚地或其他船舶通常航行的水域中或其附近锚泊搁浅时,不要求显示本条1、2或4款规定的号灯或号型。

(e) A vessel of less than 7 metres in length, when at anchor or aground, not in or near a narrow channel, fairway or anchorage, or where other vessels normally navigate, shall not be required to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (d) of this Rule.

第三十一条 水上飞机

Rule 31 Seaplanes

当水上飞机不可能显示按本章各条规定的各种特性或位置的号灯和号型时,则应显示尽可能近似于这种特性和位置的号灯和号型。

Where it is impracticable for a seaplane to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of this Part she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as is possible.

第四章 声响和灯光信号

PART D SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS 

第三十二条 定义

Rule 32 Definitions

1.号笛一词,指能够发出规定笛声并符合本规则附录三所载规格的任何声响信号器具。

(a) The word "whistle" means any sound signalling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and which complies with the specifications in Annex III to these Regulations. 

2.短声一词,指历时约一秒钟的笛声。

(b) The term "short blast" means a blast of about one second's duration.

3.长声一词,指历时四到六秒钟的笛声。

(c) The term "prolonged blast" means a blast of from four to six seconds' duration.

第三十三条 声号设备

Rule 33 Equipment for sound signals

1.长度为12米或12米以上的船舶,应配备一个号笛和一个号钟,长度为100米或100米以上的船舶,另应配有一面号锣。号锣的间调和声音不可与号钟相混淆。号笛、号钟和号锣应符合本规则附录三所载规格。号钟、号锣或二者可用与其各自声音特性相同的其他设备代替,但任何时候都要能以手动鸣放规定的声号。
  

(a) A vessel of 12 metres or more in length shall be provided with a whistle and a bell and a vessel of 100 metres or more in length shall, in addition, be provided with a gong, the tone and sound of which cannot be confused with that of the bell. The whistle, bell and gong shall comply with the specifications in Annex III to these Regulations. The bell or gong or both may be replaced by other equipment having the same respective sound characteristics, provided that manual sounding of the required signals shall always be possible. 

2.长度小于12米的船舶,不要求备有本条1款规定的声响信号器具。如不备有,则应配置能够鸣放有效声号的它种设备。

(b) A vessel of less than 12 metres in length shall not be obliged to carry the sound signalling appliances prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule but if she does not, she shall be provided with some other means of making an efficient sound signal.

第三十四条 操纵和警告信号

Rule 34 Manoeuvring and warning signals

1.当船舶在互见中,在航机动船按本规则准许或要求进行操纵时,应用号笛发出下列声号表明之:

(a) When vessels are in sight of one another, a power-driven vessel underway, when manoeuvring as authorized or required by these Rules, shall indicate that manoeuvre by the following signals on her whistle:

--一短声 表示我船正在向右转向
--二短声 表示我船正在向左转向
--三短声 表明我船正在向右推进

- one short blast to mean "I am altering my course to starboard"; 

- two short blasts to mean "I am altering my course to port"; 

- three short blasts to mean "I am operating astern propulsion".

 

 

2.在操作过程中,任何船舶均可用灯号补充本条1款规定的笛号,这种灯号可根据情况予以重复:

(b) Any vessel may supplement the whistle signals prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule by light signals, repeated as appropriate, whilst the manoeuvre is being carried out: 

(1)这些灯号应具有以下意义:

(i) these light signals shall have the following significance:

--一闪 表示我船正在向右转向
--二闪 表示我船正在向左转向
--三闪 表示我船正在向后推进

- one flash to mean "I am altering my course to starboard"; 

- two flashes to mean "I am altering my course to port"; 

- three flashes to mean "I am operating astern propulsion";

(2)每闪历时应一秒钟,各闪间隔应约一秒钟,前后信号的间隔应不少于十秒钟;

(ii) the duration of each flash shall be about one second, the interval between flashes shall be about one second, and the interval between successive signals shall be not less than ten seconds; 

(3)如设有用作信号的号灯,则应是一盏环照白灯,其能见距离至少为5海里,并应符合附录一所载规定。

(iii) the light used for this signal shall, if fitted, be an all-round white light, visible at a minimum range of 5 miles, and shall comply with the provisions of Annex I.

3.在狭水道或航道内互见时:

(c) When in sight of one another in a narrow channel or fairway: 

(1)一艘企图追越他船的船舶应遵照第九条5款(1)项的规定,以号笛发出下列声号表示其意图:

(i) a vessel intending to overtake another shall in compliance with Rule 9(e)(i) indicate her intention by the following signals on her whistle:

--二长声断以一短声,表示我船企图从你船的右舷追越
--二长声断以二短声,表示我船企图从你船的左舷追越

- two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast to mean "I intend to overtake you on your starboard side"; 

- two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts to mean "I intend to overtake you on your port side". 

 

(2)将要被追越的船舶,当按照第九条5款(1)项行动时,应以号笛依次发出下列声号表示同意:

(ii) the vessel about to be overtaken when acting in accordance with Rule 9(e)(i) shall indicate her agreement by the following signal on her whistle: 

--一长、一短、一长、一短声。

- one prolonged, one short, one prolonged and one short blast, in that order.

4.当互见中船舶正在互相驶近,并且不论由于何种原因,任何一船无法了解他船的意图行动,或者怀疑他船是否正在采取足够的行动以避免碰撞时,存在怀疑的船应立即用笛鸣放至少五声短而急的声号以表示这种怀疑。该声号可以用至少五次短而急的闪光来补充。

(d) When vessels in sight of one another are approaching each other and from any cause either vessel fails to understand the intentions or actions of the other, or is in doubt whether sufficient action is being taken by the other to avoid collision, the vessel in doubt shall immediately indicate such doubt by giving at least five short and rapid blasts on the whistle. Such signal may be supplemented by a light signal of at least five short and rapid flashes.

5.船舶在驶近可能被居间的障碍物遮蔽他船的水道或航道的弯头或地段时,应鸣放一长声。该声号应由弯头另一面或居间障碍物后方可能听到它的任何来船回答一长声。

(e) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall sound one prolonged blast. Such signal shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel that may be within hearing around the bend or behind the intervening obstruction.

6.如船上所装几个号笛,其间距大于100米,则只应使用一个号笛鸣放操纵和警告声号。

(f) If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more than 100 metres, one whistle only shall be used for giving manoeuvring and warning signals.

第三十五条 能见度不良时使用的声号

Rule 35 Sound signals in restricted visibility

在能见度不良的水域或其附近时,不论日间还是夜间,本条规定的声号应使用如下:

In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or night, the signals prescribed in this Rule shall be used as follows: 

1.机动船对水移动时,应以每次不超过2分钟的间隔鸣放长声。

(a) A power-driven vessel making way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast. 

2.在航机动船但已停车并且不对水移动时,应以每次不超过2分钟的间隔连续鸣放二长声,二长声间隔约2秒钟。

(b) A power-driven vessel underway but stopped and making no way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them. 

3.失去控制的船舶、操纵能力受到限制的船舶、限于吃水的船舶、帆船、从事捕鱼的船舶,以及从事拖带或顶推他船的船舶,应以每次不超过2分钟的间隔连续鸣放三声,即一长声继以二短声,以取代本条1或2款规定的声号。

(c) A vessel not under command, a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, a vessel constrained by her draught, a sailing vessel, a vessel engaged in fishing and a vessel engaged in towing or pushing another vessel shall, instead of the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule, sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes three blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by two short blasts.

4.一艘被拖船或者多艘被拖船的最后一艘,如配有船员,应以每次不超过2分钟的间隔连续鸣放四声,即一长声继以三短声。当可行时,这种声号应在拖船鸣放声之后立即鸣放。

(d) A vessel towed or if more than one vessel is towed the last vessel of the tow, if manned, shall at intervals of not more than 2 minutes sound four blasts in succession, namely one prolonged followed by three short blasts. When practicable, this signal shall be made immediately after the signal made by the towing vessel.

5.当一顶推船和一被顶推船牢固地连接成为一个组合体时,应作为一艘机动船,鸣放本条1或2款规定的声号。

(e) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and shall give the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this Rule.

6.锚泊中的船舶,应以每次不超过1分钟的间隔急敲号钟约5秒钟。长度为100米或100米以上的船舶,应在船的前部敲打号钟,并应在紧接钟声之后,在船的后部急敲号锣约5秒钟。此外,锚泊中的船舶,还可以连续鸣放三声,即一短、一长和一短声,以警告驶近的船舶注意本船位置和碰撞的可能性。

(f) A vessel at anchor shall at intervals of not more than one minute ring the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. In a vessel of 100 metres or more in length the bell shall be sounded in the forepart of the vessel and immediately after the ringing of the bell the gong shall be sounded rapidly for about 5 seconds in the after part of the vessel. A vessel at anchor may in addition sound three blasts in succession, namely one short, one prolonged and one short blast, to give warning of her position and of the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel.

7.搁浅的船舶应鸣放本条6款规定的钟号,如有要求,应加发锣号。此外,还应在紧接急敲号钟之前和之后各敲打分隔而清晰的号钟三下。搁浅的船舶还可以鸣放合适的笛号。

(g) A vessel aground shall give the bell signal and if required the gong signal prescribed in paragraph (f) of this Rule and shall, in addition, give three separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after the rapid ringing of the bell. A vessel aground may in addition sound an appropriate whistle signal.

8.长度小于12米的船舶,不要求鸣放上述声号,但如不鸣放上述声号,则应以每次不超过2分钟的间隔鸣放他种有效的声号。

(h) A vessel of less than 12 metres in length shall not be obliged to give the above-mentioned signals but, if she does not, shall make some other efficient sound signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.

9.引航船当执行引航任务时,除本条1、2或6款规定的声号外,还可以鸣放由四短声组成的识别声号。

(i) A pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may in addition to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (f) of this Rule sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.

第三十六条 引起注意的信号

Rule 36 Signals to attract attention

如有必要引起他船注意,任何船舶可以发出灯光或声响信号,但这种信号应不致被误认为本规则其他各条所准许的任何信号,或者可用不致妨碍任何船舶的方式把探照灯光的光束朝着危险的方向。

If necessary to attract the attention of another vessel any vessel may make light or sound signals that cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in these Rules, or may direct the beam of her searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way as not to embarrass any vessel.

第三十七条 遇险信号

Rule 37 Distress signals

船舶遇险并需要救助时,应使用或显示本规则附录四规定的信号。

When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance she shall use or exhibit the signals prescribed in Annex IV to these Regulations.

第五章 豁免

PART E EXEMPTIONS 

第三十八条 豁免

Rule 38 Exemptions

 

在本规则生效之前安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的任何船舶(或任何一类船舶)只要符合1960年国际海上避碰规则的要求,则可:

Any vessel (or class of vessels) provided that she complies with the requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960, the keel of which is laid or which is at a corresponding stage of construction before the entry into force of these Regulations may be exempted from compliance therewith as follows:

1.在本规则生效之日后四年内,免除安装达到第二十二条规定能见距离的号灯。

(a) The installation of lights with ranges prescribed in Rule 22, until four years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations. 

2.在本规则生效之日后四年内,免除安装符合本规则附录一第7节规定的颜色规格的号灯。

(b) The installation of lights with colour specifications as prescribed in Section 7 of Annex I to these Regulations, until four years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

3.永远免除由于从英制单位变换为米制单位以及丈量数字凑整而产生的号灯位置的调整。

(c) The repositioning of lights as a result of conversion from Imperial to metric units and rounding off measurement figures, permanent exemption.

4.(1)永远免除长度小于150米的船舶由于附录一第3节(1)规定而产生的桅灯位置的调整。

(d) (i) The repositioning of masthead lights on vessels of less than 150 metres in length, resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(a) of Annex I, permanent exemption.

(2)在本规则生效之日后九年内,免除由于附录一第2节(2)规定而产生的桅灯位置的调整。

(ii) The repositioning of masthead lights on vessels of 150 metres or more in length, resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(a) of Annex I to these Regulations, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

5.在本规则生效之日后九年内,免除由于附录一第2节(2)规定而产生地桅灯位置的调整。

(e) The repositioning of masthead lights resulting from the prescriptions of Section 2(b) of Annex I, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations. 

6.在本规则生效之日后九年内,免除由于附录一第2节(7)和第3节(2)规定而产生的舷灯位置的调整。

(f) The repositioning of sidelights resulting from the prescriptions of Section 3(b) of Annex I, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.

7.在本规则生效之日后九年内,免除附录三对声号器具所规定的要求。

(g) The requirements for sound signal appliances prescribed in Annex III, until nine years after the date of entry into force of these Regulations.


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recoverable by reason of the agreed value and/or the amount insured in respect of the Vessel being inadequate1.3.12 earthquake or volcanic eruption.1.4 PROVIDED ALWAYS THAT1.4.1 prompt notice must be given to the Underwriters of every casualty event or claim upon the Assured which may give rise to a claim hereunder and of every event or matter which may cause the Assured to incur liability costs or expense for which he may be insured hereunder1.4.2 the Assured shall not admit liability for or settle any claim for which he may be insured hereunder without the prior written consent of the Underwriters.2 LIMITS2.1 Where the Assured or the Underwriters may or could have limited their liability the indemnity under this insurance in respect of such liability shall not exceed Underwriters' proportionate part of the amount of such limitation.2.2 In no case shall the Underwriters' liability under this insurance exceed their proportionate part of the amount insured hereunder in respect of each separate accident or occurrence or series of accidents arising out of the same event.3 DEDUCTIBLE3.1 Notwithstanding the provisions of Clause 1 no claim shall be payable under this insurance unless such claim, or the aggregate of all such claims arising out of each separate accident or occurrence, exceeds {Response} in which case this sum shall be deducted.3.2 Excluding any interest comprised therein, recoveries against any claim which is subject to the above deductible shall be credited to the Underwriters in full to the extent of the sum by which the aggregate of the claim unreduced by any recoveries exceeds the above deductible.3.3 Interest in recoveries shall be apportioned between the Assured and the Underwriters, taking into account the sums paid by the Underwriters and the dates when such payments were made, notwithstanding that by the addition of interest the Underwriters may receive a larger sum that they have paid.4 NAVIGATIONThe Vessel has leave to dock and undock, to go into graving dock, to sail or navigate with or without pilots, to go on trial trips and to assist and tow vessels or craft in distress, but it is warranted that the Vessel shall not be towed, except as is customary or when in need of assistance, or undertake towage or salvage services under a contract previously arranged by the Assured and/or Owners and/or Managers and/or Charterers without the prior written agreement of the Underwriters.  This Clause 4 shall not exclude customary towage in connection with loading and discharging.5 TERMINATIONThis Clause 5 shall prevail notwithstanding any provision whether written typed or printed in this insurance inconsistent therewith.Unless Underwriters agree to the contrary in writing, this insurance shall terminate automatically at the time of5.1 change of the Classification Society of the Vessel, or change, suspension, discontinuance, withdrawal or expiry of her Class therein.  However where such change, suspension, discontinuance or withdrawal of her Class has resulted from loss or damage covered by Clause 6 of the Institute Time Clauses - Hulls 1/10/83 or which would be covered by an insurance of the Vessel subject to current lnstitute War and Strikes Clauses Hulls - Time such automatic termination shall not operate5.2 any change, voluntary or otherwise, in the ownership or flag, transfer to new management, or charter on a bareboat basis, or requisition for title or use of the Vessel.  However, in the event of requisition for title or use without the prior execution of a written agreement by the Assured, such automatic termination shall occur fifteen days after such requisition whether the Vessel is in port or at sea.6 BREACH OF WARRANTYHeld covered in case of any breach of warranty as to cargo, trade, locality, towage, salvage services or date of sailing, provided notice be given to the Underwriters immediately after receipt of advices and any amended terms of cover and any additional premium required by them be agreed.7 ASSIGNMENTNo assignment of or interest in this insurance or in any moneys which may be or become payable thereunder is to be binding on or recognised by the Underwriters unless a dated notice of such assignment or interest signed by the Assured, and by the assignor in case of subsequent assignment, is endorsed on the Policy and the Policy with such endorsement is produced before payment of any claim or return of premium thereunder.8 DUTY OF ASSUREDIt is a condition of this insurance that the Assured and their servants and agents take such measures as may be reasonable for the purpose of averting or minimising a loss which would be recoverable under this insurance.9 RETURNS FOR CANCELLATIONTo return pro rata monthly net for each uncommenced month if this insurance be cancelled either by agreement or by the operation of Clause 5 provided that a total loss of the Vessel, whether by insured perils or otherwise, has not occurred during the period of this insurance or any extension thereof.10 WAR, STRIKES, MALICIOUS ACTS AND NUCLEAR RISKS PARAMOUNT EXCLUSIONIn no case shall this insurance cover liability cost or expense arising as a result of the operation of one or more of the following perils:10.1 war civil war revolution rebellion insurrection, or civil strife arising therefrom, or any hostile act by or against a belligerent power10.2 capture seizure arrest restraint or detainment (barratry and piracy excepted), and the consequences thereof or any attempt thereat10.3 derelict mines torpedoes bombs or other derelict weapons of war10.4 strikers, locked-out workmen, or persons taking part in labour disturbances, riots or civil commotions10.5 any terrorist or any person acting from a political motive10.6 the use of any weapon of war, or the detonation of an explosive, by any person acting maliciously or from a political motive10.7 any weapon of war employing atomic or nuclear fission and/or fusion or other like reaction or radioactive force or matter.20/7/87CL344  © Copyright The Institute of London Underwriters 

    发布于:2023-05-17 14:32:43
  • 租船菲律宾想要1-2万dwt左右的船做减载

    驳船为佳,菲律宾内贸船舶为佳

    发布于:2023-04-27 09:37:42
  • 行业知识无单放货- 提单持有人扣船索赔的和解协议

      SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT This Settlement Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made on this ___ day of April 2023. BY AND BETWEEN:(1) The Owners of the vessel “AAAAAA  (hereinafter referred to as “the Shipowners”); and (2) BBBBBBBBBBB (hereinafter referred to as the “Receivers”); and  Each, a “Party” and together the “Parties”. WHEREAS: A. The Receivers hereby warrant and confirm that they are the holder of the first original, second original, third original, negotiable copy and non-negotiable copy of the Bill of Lading bearing No. RC-KDL-18A.B.  The Receivers claimed that 1000 MT of Cargo under Bill of Lading No. RC-KDL-18A was not delivered to them despite presentation of the Original Bill of Lading No. RC-KDL-18A. The Receivers approached the High Court of Gujarat and filed Admiralty Suit No. 6/2023 for alleged misdelivery/non-delivery of 1000 MT of Cargo and claimed a sum of USD 450,000.00 plus interest as compensation and costs (the “Receiver’s Claim”). The Hon’ble High Court of Gujarat by order dated 01.04.2023 passed and order of arrest of the Vessel, towards security for the Receivers Claim.    C. While the Vessel remained under arrest and Admiralty Suit was pending, pursuant to various without prejudice discussions between the Shipowners and the Receivers, the Parties have agreed to amicably settle their disputes on a without prejudice, without admission of liability basis and finalized a settlement sum totalling to US$ 210,000.00______________ (United States Dollars Two hundred and ten thousand only________________) in lump sum as full and final settlement of the Receiver’s allegedClaims. IN CONSIDERATION FOR THE MUTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND PROMISES HEREIN AFTER CONTAINED IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:(1) In full and final settlement of the Receiver’s Claims, including all interest and all legal costs relating thereto, the Shipowners agree to pay the Receivers the sum of US$ 210,000.00______________ (United States Dollars Two hundred and ten thousand only________________) (the “Settlement Proceeds”). (2) 50% of the Settlement Proceeds shall be made immediately up on execution of the Settlement Agreement and the remaining 50% shall be made within three (3) working___ days from the date of obtaining order of release of the Vessel from the High Court of Gujarat. (3) The Receiver delivery the original Bill of loading to ship-owner via their lawyer : xxxxxx to ship-owner within 1 day  when they received the total sum of USD 210,000.00 .(4) Payment of the Settlement Proceeds will be made to the Receivers, to the account mentioned below [please provide]:                Beneficiary:               Bank:               Current Account number:                SWIFT:               IFSC:               Branch:               Bank Address:  (5) All Parties and signatories hereby confirm that they have all requisites and necessary corporate powers and resolutions and have full authority to execute this Agreement. This Agreement may be signed and exchanged by fax or as attachment of email and shall be binding as such. (6) The Agreement is in full and final settlement of the Receiver’s Claims and any claim arising out of or in connection with the Bills of Lading and in consideration of the Settlement Proceeds, the Receivers and/or their cargo insurers irrevocably agree upon receipt of the Settlement Proceeds to: i) immediately produce this Agreement before the High Court of Gujarat, obtain an order of release of the Vessel and withdraw the Admiralty Suit, unconditionally and no later than 24 hours from the receipt of 50% of the Settlement Proceeds;  ii) Immediately handover the first original, second original, third original, negotiable copy and non-negotiable copy of the Bill of Lading bearing No. RC-KDL-18A and provide anundertakeing in writing stating that the Bills of Lading isare the original Bills of Lading with respect to 1000 MT of theCargo and no other Bills of lading in respect of theCargo are in circulation.  iii) immediately and forever release and discharge the Shipowners, their managers, operators, charterers, agents, master, crewmembers, correspondents, insurers, P&I clubs, sister ships, associated ships and/or any other party interested in the M.V. "AAAA" from any liability for any and all losses, expenses, costs, legal proceedings and/or others arising from and/or in connection with the Cargo carried under bills of lading bearing number  XXXXXXXXXXXXX  dated 03.09.2022 from any other party including but not limited toother B/L notify party and/or their cargo underwriters.. iv) indemnify the Shipowners, their directors, officers, employees, agents, correspondents, insurers, managers, subsidiaries, affiliates, successors and assignees and all financial entities or other organizations or persons having financial interest in the said Vessel, her charterers, managers, operators and all other persons, firms or corporations having any interest therein or connected therewith and hold them free and harmless for all claims, actions, proceedings, suits, obligations, damages, sum of money, and/or demands of every kind and nature, past, present and future whether arising out of the Bills of Lading bearing number XXXXXXX   dated 03.09.2022 or contract or law or in equity or in tort or in bailment that the Receivers or any other party may bring against the vessel M.V “AAAAA 2”, her sister ships, associated ships, the Shipowners, managers, all financial entities or other organizations or persons having financial interest in the said Vessel, her charterers, managers, operators and all other persons, firms or corporations having any interest therein or connected therewith. (7) In consideration of the Settlement Proceeds, the Receivers further irrevocably agree to refrain from arresting and/or detaining M.V. AAAAA  or her sister ships or associates ships or any other property in the same ownership or management or control, in connection with the Receiver’s Claims or any claim arising out of or in connection with Bills of Lading bearing number XXXXXXXXXXXX  dated 03.09.2022 or from initiating Suit or any legal proceedings in any jurisdiction in the world. (8) In consideration of the receipt of the Settlement Proceeds, the Receivers further confirm that they will not seek indemnity and/or reimbursement from their cargo insurers which could trigger recovery proceedings against the vessel M.V “AAAAA”, her Owners, managers, all financial entities or other organizations or persons having financial interest in the said Vessel, her charterers, managers, operators and all other persons, firms or corporations having any interest therein or connected therewith; The Parties expressly recognise that the Settlement Proceeds are to be retained by way of commercial settlement and in no way, constitute any admission of liability on behalf of the Parties.(9) The parties shall each bear their own legal costs in relation to this Agreement. (10) The Agreement contains the entire agreement between the Parties and supersedes any previous  undertaking, commitment, agreement or oral or written representation whatsoever, in respect of the subject matter hereof. (11) This Settlement Agreement shall be executed in 2 (two) originals, one set for each party, but all the counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.   (12) The Agreement is to be governed by and constructed in accordance with English Law, and any dispute arising hereunder shall be referred to the exclusive jurisdiction of the English High Court at London.  IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have each by their duly authorized representatives executed this Agreement on the date first above written: Signed………………………………..For and on behalf of ShipownersName:Designation: Signed……………………………….For and on behalf of Receivers Name:Designation:

    发布于:2023-04-12 09:46:54
  • 行业知识对于重新签发提单的个人承诺保证函

    下面该个人保证函的样本为我个人根据自己的理解起草,不作为权威参考,如有需要修改和商榷的地方,也欢迎与本人联系 chenguoqing@aiship.cn 至: M/V XXX 船舶所有人及相关利益方 本人XXX , 作为xxxx 公司的法人代表, 因要求向贵司申请重新签发提单,现向贵司做出如下保证和个人担保: 贵司船长委托代理XXXXX向发货人 XXXXXX 签发的关于    xxxx WMT 关于从印度 HALDIA 港口装载的货物 IRON ORE FINES,  现在因为发货人的贸易的变更需要,要求重新出具一份新的提单。 对此, 本人做出如下确认和保证: 1、上述代表贵司船长签发的提单原件,目前在我手上,我会在 10个工作日内将该原件就交还给贵司;2、我保证不会将该提单原件转让给其他任何第三方;3、如果贵司因为任何第三方以该提单的缘由向贵司提起任何要求交付货物的要求或者其他索赔,我,个人将对贵司遭受的一切损失和责任, 全权承担责任。 如发生任何争议, 本人愿意接受中国法院以及中国法律的司法管辖。  附上提单样本,本人签名。    承诺保证人:                     时间:                       

    发布于:2023-04-02 09:50:10
  • 行业知识共同海损包含的费用项目

    共同海损分为共同海损牺牲,和共同海损费用。    下面讲述共同海损费用的分类:1、 救助报酬 (salvage reward)2、搁浅船舶减载费用以及因此而受的损害(Expense lightening a ship when ashore,and consequent damage)3、避难港费用;4、驶往和停留在避难港等地所消耗的燃料、物料; ( GONGEN 94 船员工资可以计入共损,   GONGEN 2004 船员工资不列入共损)5、修理费用;(分临时修理,和永久修理)6、替代费用;7、垫付手续费(2004年规则垫付手续费没有)和保险费;8、利息;9、理算费用

    发布于:2023-01-28 20:59:51
  • 行业知识巴黎备忘录-白旗 White List

    IG P&I 大多要求其入会船舶悬挂旗帜为白旗, 在巴黎备忘录上, 分为白旗,灰旗,黑旗, 详情见附件名单.

    发布于:2023-01-19 18:02:14
  • 行业知识海事赔偿责任限制的丧失

    1957《船舶所有人责任限制公约》对两类主体责任限制的丧失,分别规定了不同的条件。作为第一类责任限制主体(船舶所有人、承租人、管理人、经营人),如果自身因为“实际过失或知情放任”(actual fault or privity)引起损害赔偿,那么就丧失了责任限制的权利。但是如果导致损害发生的事故是由于第二类责任限制主体(船长、船员及其他受雇人)的“实际过失或知情放任”引起的,第一类主体仍可以限制责任。有一种情况需要注意的是两类主体发生“竞合”,即船长或是船员同时又是船舶管理人时,仅在其行为、疏忽或过失是以该船的船长、船员身份做出时,才能享受责任限制的保护。*简介:本公约于1957年10月10日在布鲁塞尔召开的第十届海洋法外交会议上通过。参加本公约的国家有:澳大利亚、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、英国、印度、以色列、日本、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、阿尔及利亚、斐济、加纳、巴哈马、巴巴多斯、多米尼加、格林纳达、圭亚那、冰岛、伊朗、马尔加什、毛里求斯、摩纳哥、巴布亚新几内亚、新加坡、叙利亚、汤加、阿拉伯联邦共和国、瓦努阿图、扎伊尔等。 [1]    1976《海事索赔责任限制公约》规定:如果经证明,损害是由于责任人本身故意或明知可能造成此种损害而轻率地作为或不为所致,该责任人就无权限制其责任。由于公约第1条对有权享受责任限制的人有具体的规定,因此船舶管理人属于“责任人”的范畴。公约强调了责任限制的丧失与否取决于责任人“本身”的行为,其代理人、受雇人的行为并不影响责任人责任限制的权利。同样的,责任人本人的作为或不为使自己丧失这一权利,并不必然导致其他主体也丧失责任限制的权利。所以在具体事故中,船舶管理人责任限制权利的有无并不影响其他主体的责任限制权利,也不受其他主体的影响。 第三条 不受责任限制的索赔  本公约的规则不适用于:  (1)有关救助或共同海损分摊的索赔;  (2)有关1969年11月29日国际油污损害民事责任公约的规定,或实 施中的该公约修正案或议定书中所载油污损害的索赔;  (3)根据管辖或禁止核能损害责任限制的任何国际公约或国内法提出的索赔 ;  (4)对核子船舶所有人提出的核子损害索赔;  (5)所任职务与船舶或救助作业有关的船舶所有人或救助人的雇用人员,包 括他们的继承人、亲属或有权提出索赔要求的其它人员所提出的索赔,如果按照船 舶所有人或救助同雇用人之间的服务合同所适用的法律,船舶所有人或救助人无权 在此类索赔方面限制其责任,或者根据此项法律,仅允许将其责任限制在较本公约 第六条规定的限额为高时。  第四条 不得享受责任限制的行为  如经证明,损失是由于责任人本身为蓄意造成这一损失,或者明知可能造成这 一损失而轻率地采取的行为或不为所引起,该责任人便无权限制其责任。  第五条 反索赔  如果按照本公约规定有权享受责任限制的人,就同一事件向索赔人提出索赔, 则双方提出的索赔应相互抵销,而本公约的规定则仅适用于其间的差额(如有差额 )。  第二章 责任限制  第六条 一般限制  1.除第七条所列者外,在任一具体情况下提出的索赔的责任限制,应按下列 方法计算:  (1)有关人身伤亡的索赔:  ①凡吨位不超过500吨的船舶,为333,000计算单位;  ②凡吨位超过500吨的船舶,除第①项外,还应增加下列数额:  自501吨至3,000吨,每吨为500计算单位;  自3,001吨至30,000吨,每吨为333计算单位;  自30,001吨至70,000吨,每吨为250计算单位;  超过70,000吨,每吨为167计算单位。  (2)有关其它方面的索赔:  ①凡吨位不超过500吨的船舶,为167,000计算单位;  ②凡吨位超过500吨的船舶,除第①项外,还应增加下列数额:  自501吨至30,000吨,每吨为167计算单位;  自30,000吨至70,000吨,每吨为125计算单位;  超过70,000吨,每吨为83计算单位。  2.但是,如果依照第1款第(1)项计算的那部分款额不敷支付全部索赔, 则依照第1款第(2)项计算的数额,应用以支付第1款第(1)项下所未支付的 差额,而此项未付差额应同第1款第(2)项的索赔按比例取偿。  3.但是,在无损于按第2款提出的关于人身伤亡的索赔权利的情况下,缔约 国可在国内法中规定,对港口工程、港池、航道和助航设施的损害所提出的索赔, 应依该法规定而享有较第1款第2项所载其它索赔优先受偿的权利。  4.凡不从任何船舶进行施救工作的救助人,或者只是在对之进行施救工作的 船上作业的救助人,其责任限制应按吨位为1,500吨的船舶计算。  5.就本公约而言,船舶吨位应为根据《1969年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》 附件Ⅰ中所载吨位丈量规则计算的总吨位。  第七条 旅客索赔的责任限制  1.对于在任一具体情况下提出的有关船上旅客人身伤亡的索赔,船舶所有人 的责任限制,为46,666计算单位乘以船舶证书上规定的该船载客定额所得的 数额,但不得超过25,000,000计算单位。  2.就本条而言,"船上旅客人身伤亡的索赔",是指该船所载下列任何人所 提出或代其提出的任何此种索赔,即:  (1)根据旅客运输契约而载运者;或  (2)经承运人同意,随同照料货物运输契约中所载车辆或活动物者。  第八条 计算单位  1.上述第六条、第七条所述计算单位,是指国际货币基金组织所规定的特别 提款权。第六条、第七条所述数额,应按照责任限制基金设立之日、付款之日或根 据该国法律与此项付款等值的担保提出之日该国货币的价值,折算成谋求责任限制 所有国家的本国货币。凡属国际货币基金组织成员国的本公约缔约国,其以特别提 款权表示的本国货币的价值,应按国际货币基金组织在上述日期在进行营业和交易 中适用的现行定价办法计算。非属国际货币基金组织成员国的本公约缔约国,其以 特别提款权表示的本国货币的价值,应按该缔约国确定的办法计算。  2.但是,非属国际货币基金组织成员国,且其法律不允许实施本条第1款规 定办法的国家,可在签字并无保留地批准、接受或认可之时,或在批准、接受、认 可或加入之时,或在此后任何时期宣布,将在其领土内适用的本公约所规定的责任 限制,确定如下:  (1)有关第六条第1款第(1)项:①凡吨位不超过500吨的船舶,为5 ,000,000货币单位;②凡吨位不超过500吨的船舶,除第①项外,还应 增加下列数额:  自501吨至3,000吨,每吨为7,500货币单位;  自3,001吨至30,000吨,每吨为5,000货币单位;  自30,001吨至70,000吨,每吨为3,750货币单位;  超过70,000吨,每吨为2,500货币单位。  (2)有关第六条第1款第(2)项:  ①凡吨位不超过500吨的船舶,为2,500,000货币单位;  ②凡吨位超过500吨的船舶,除第①项外,还应增加下列数额;  自501吨至30,000吨,每吨为2,500货币单位;  自30,001吨至70,000吨,每吨为1,850货币单位;  超过70,000吨,每吨为1,250货币单位。  (3)有关第七条第1款,为700,000货币单位乘以船舶证书上规定的 载客定额所得的数额,但不得超过375,000,000货币单位。 第六条第2款和第3款的规定,相应地适用于本款第(1)和第(2)项。  3.上述第2款所指货币单位,相当于纯度为千分之九百的黄金65.5毫克 。将第2款规定的货币单位数额折算成国家货币时,应按有关国家的法律办理。  4.第1款末句所述计算办法和第3款所述折算办法,应能使第六条和第七条 所述数额在以缔约国本国货币计算时,尽可能表示出上述条款中按计算单位计算时 的同一真实价值。缔约国在签字并无保留地批准、接受或认可之时,或在交存第十 六条所指文件之时,应视情况向本公约保管人提交第1款所述计算办法,或第3款 所述折算结果,并在其变更时作出相应的通知。  第九条 索赔总额  1.根据第六条规定的责任限额,应适用于下列各项索赔总额:  (1)对第一条第2款所指任何人以及他或他们对其行为、疏忽或过失负责的 任何人提出的索赔;  (2)对从另一艘船舶进行施救工作的该船船舶所有人,和从这种船舶进行施 救工作的救助人,以及他或他们对其行为、疏忽或过失负责的任何人提出的索赔;  (3)对不是从另一艘船舶进行施救工作的救助人,或者只是在对之进行施救 工作的船上作业的救助人,以及他或他们对其行为、疏忽或过失负责的任何人提出 的索赔。  2.按第七条规定的责任限制,适用于可能在任何特定情况下,就第一条第2 款所述有关第七条所指船舶的负有赔偿责任的任何人,以及他或他们对其行为、疏 忽或过失负责的任何人提出的各项索赔的总额。  第十条 没有设立责任限制基金的责任限制  1.尽管第十一条所述责任限制基金尚未设立,也可以援引责任限制。但是, 缔约国可在其国内法中规定,当在其法院审理须受责任限制的索赔时,只有在责任 人已按本公约规定设立责任限制基金,或在援用责任限制权利时设立该项基金,才 能援用责任限制的权利。  2.如在没有设立责任限制基金的情况下援用责任限制,应相应地适用第十二 条的规定。  3.根据本条规定发生的诉讼程序问题,应按受理诉讼的缔约国本国法律决定 。  第三章 责任限制基金  第十一条 基金的设立  1.被认定负有责任的任何人,可在提出责任限制索赔诉讼的任何缔约国法院 或其他主管当局,设立基金。此项基金应为按照第六条和第七条规定适用于对该责 任者提出索赔的金额,加上从事故发生引起责任之日起至基金设立之日为止的利息 。此项基金仅可用于支付援用责任限制的索赔。  2.设立基金可以储存专款,或提出为设立基金的缔约国法律所允许并经法院 或其他主管当局认可的担保。  3.由第九条第1款第(1)、(2)或第(3)项所述当事人之一或其保险 人所设立的基金,应被认为是由第1款第(1)、(2)或第(3)项或第2款所 述所有当事人所设立。  第十二条 基金的分配  1.根据第六条第1款、第2款和第3款以及第七条的规定,基金应在索赔人 之间,依其对该基金确立的索赔额,按比例分配。  2.如在基金分配之前,责任人或其保险人已就对该基金的索赔付款结案,则 他在已付金额范围内,应依代位权获得此受偿人根据本公约所可享有的权利。  3.本条第2款所规定的代位权,也可由该款所述者之外的人在其已付赠偿金 额内行使,但仅以所适用的国内法允许行使此种代位权为限。  4.如果责任人或任何其他人认定,假若赔偿金在基金分配之前即已付出,他 便可能在基金分配之后的某日被强制支付赔偿金额的全部或一部,而根据本第第2 款及第3款,该人对此项赔偿本可享有代位权,则基金设在国的法院或主管当局可 以下令暂时拨出一个足够数额,以便该人在上述日期对此基金行使其索赔权。  第十三条 其他法律行为的禁止  1.如果责任限制基金已按第十一条的规定设立,则已向基金提出索赔的任何 人,不得针对该项索赔而对由其设立或以其名义设立基金的人的任何其他财产,行 使任何权利。  2.责任限制基金已按第十一条规定设立之后,则以其名义设立基金之人所属 任何船舶或其财产,凡是因向基金提出索赔而已依缔约国管辖权予以扣押或扣留的 属于基金设立人名下的任何船舶或其他财产,或是由他提交的抵押品,均可由该国 法院或其主管当局下令开释或退还。而如果此项基金已在下列地点设立,则应一律 发出此种开释命令:  (1)已在事故发生港设立,而如事故发生在港外,则已在下一停靠港设立;  (2)对于人身伤亡的索赔,已在登陆港设立;  (3)对于货损,已在卸货港设立;  (4)已在执行扣押的国家设立。  3.第1款和第2款的规则,仅在索赔人向管理责任限制基金的法院就该基金 提出索赔,而且就该项索赔而言,确有基金可用,并可自由划拨时,才可适用。  第十四条 法律管辖  关于责任限制基金的设立与分配规则,以及与其有关的一切程序规则,除按本 章规定办理外,应受基金设在国法律管辖。第四章 适用范围  第十五条  1.凡是第一条所指的任何人,当其谋求在缔约国法院获得责任限制,或谋求 开释在此类国家管辖下的船舶或其他财产,或退还其所提交的任何抵押品时,均适 用本公约,然而,当本公约的规则在缔约国法院被援用时,如果第一条所指的任何 人,在缔约国并无常住地点,或在缔约国并无主要营业处所,或为其谋求责任限制 或开释的任何船舶在当时并非悬挂缔约国国旗时,各缔约国可以全部或部分排除其 对本公约的适用。  2.缔约国可以通过国内法的具体规定,使责任限制制度适用于下列船舶:  (1)依照该国法律规定,意欲在内陆水域航行的船舶;  (2)小于300吨的船舶;  缔约国在行使本款规定的任选权时,应将国内法规定的责任限制或者并无此种 规定的事实,通知本公约保管人。  3.缔约国可以通过国内法的具体规定,使责任限制制度适用于毫不涉及其它 缔约国国民利益的索赔.  4.缔约国法院在下列情况下,不应使本公约适用于为钻探而建造或改建并从 事钻探作业的船舶:  (1)当该国已根据国内法规定制订一项高于本公约第六条规定的责任限制时 ;或者  (2)当该国已成为调节有关这种船舶责任制度的一项国际公约的缔约国时。  在适用本款第1项的情况下,该缔约国应相应地通知本公约的保管人。  5.本公约不适用于:  (1)气垫船;  (2)用于勘探或开采海底自然资源或其底土的浮动平台。  第五章 最后条款  第十六条 签字。批准和加入  1.本公约自1977年2月1日起至1977年12月31日止,在政府海 事协商组织(以下简称"海协")总部向所有国家开放,以供签字,并在其后继续 开放,以供加入。  2.各国可以通过下列方式成为本公约缔约国:  (1)签字并无保留地批准、接受或认可;或者  (2)签字并须经批准、接受或认可,随后予以批准、接受或认可;或者  (3)加入。  3.批准、接受、认可或加入本公约,应向"海协"秘书长(以下简称"秘书 长")交存一份载有上述意图的正式文件。  第十七条 生效  1.本公约自十二个国家已在本公约签字并无保留地批准,接受或认可,或者 已经交存所需批准、接受、认可或加入文件之日一年后次月第一日起生效。  2.对于在本公约生效条件已得到满足之后但却在生效之日以前交存批准、接 受、认可或加入文,或者签字并无保留地批准、接受或认可的国家,其批准、接受 、认可或加入或者其签字并无保留地批准、接受、或认可等项,应自本公约生效之 日或签字之日,或交存文件之日第九十天后次月第一日起生效,二者之中以较迟者 为准。  3.对于任何一个在本公约生效之后成为本公约缔约国的国家,本公约应自该 国交存其文件之日九十天后次月第一日起生效。  4.对于批准、接受、认可或加入本公约的国家之间的关系,本公约应取代并 废止1957年10月10日在布鲁塞尔签订的《海上船舶所有人责任限制公约》 和1924年8月25日在布鲁塞尔签订的《关于统一海上船舶所有人责任限制某 些规则的国际公约》。  第十八条 保留  1.任何国家均可在签字、批准、接受、认可或加入本公约时,保留不适用第 二条第1款第(4)项和第(5)项的权利。但对本公约的实质性条款,不得作任 何其他保留。  2.在签字时所作的保留,须在批准、接受或认可时予以确认。  3.对本公约作出保留的任何国家,均可在任何时日通过寄交秘书长的通知而 予以撤销。这种撤销,应自通知收到之日起生效。如果该通知声称,对于保留的撤 销应自通知中具体规定的日期起生效,而这一日期又较秘书长收到通知之日为迟, 则撤销应自这一较迟日期起生效。  第十九条 退出  1.缔约国可在本公约对该国生效之日一年后的任何时日,退出本公约。  2.退出本公约,应向秘书长交存一份文件。  3.退出本公约,应自交存退出通知之日一年后次月第一日起,或自该通知中 所载较此为长的期限起生效。  第二十条 修订和修正  1.修订或修正本公约的会议,可由"海协"召开。  2.经不少于三分之一缔约国要求,"海协"应召开本公约缔约国会议,修订 或修正本公约。  3.凡在本公约的修正案生效之日以后交存的任何批准、接受、认可或加入文 件,除非已在文件中表示相反意愿,便应视为适用于修正后的本公约。  第二十一条 对限额和计算单位或货币单位的修改  1.尽管有第二十条的规定,"海协"仍可依照本条第2款和第3款的规定, 召开专门会议,改变本公约第六条和第七条以及第八条第2款规定的限额,或以其 他单位代替第八条第1款和第2款规定的两个单位,或其中之一。只有在其实际价 值发生显著变化时,才能对限额作出改变。  2.经不少于四分之一的缔约国要求,"海协"应召开上述会议。  3.改变限额或以其他计算单位代替原有单位的决定,应由上述会议到会并投 票的缔约国三分之二多数作出。  4.凡在修正案生效后交存其批准、接受、认可或加入本公的文件的国家,应 适用修正后的本公约。  第二十二条 保管  1.本公约应由秘书长保管。  2.秘书长应当:  (1)向被邀请出席海事索赔责任限制会议的所有国家和加入本公约的任何其 他国家,分送经过核证无误的本公约副本;  (2)通知已签署或加入本公约的所有国家;  ①每一新的签署和每一文件交存事项以及对其所作任何保留及其日期;  ②本公约或本公约的任何修正案的生效日期;  ③任何退出本公约事项及其生效日期;  ④依照第二十条或第二十一条规定通过的任何修正案;  ⑤由本公约任何条文所要求的任何通知事项。  3.本公约一经生效,秘书长便应依照联合国宪章第102条,将一份核证无 误的本公约副本,送交联合国秘书长登记并公布。  第二十三条 语言  本公约以英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文写成,正本共一份,每种文本具有同等 效力。  1976年11月19日订于伦敦。  为此而被正式授权的下列具名者,特签署本公约,以昭信守。

    发布于:2022-12-02 11:53:23
  • 航运见闻2022年9月19日:欧盟发布对俄罗斯制裁(煤炭、固态化石燃料、肥料等)最新解答

    继2022年8月10日欧盟发布关于833/2014规定的常见问题解答后时隔一月有余,欧盟于2022年9月19日对其常见问题集再次作出了修订,进一步澄清对从俄罗斯运输特定货物适用相关制裁规定的范围,当中包括煤炭、固态化石燃料,以及特定类别的肥料。与欧盟在8月份做出解答时所取立场相反,常见问题集现在明确指出,就煤炭和某些在欧盟理事会条例833/2014附件XXI中的特定货物 (以及相关保险) 的运输,在其运往欧盟之外的第三国的情况下欧盟制裁并不予以禁止。2022年9月19日,欧盟就限制全球运输俄罗斯煤炭、化肥及其他货物的态度发生大转变。9月19日,欧盟发布了关于对俄制裁常见问题的最新解释。在19日的最新解释里,欧盟翻转了2022年8月12日发布的就俄罗斯原产地的煤炭、化肥等货物制裁限制扩大化的解释。这版更新的FAQs澄清:对某些化肥和煤炭的限制不包括禁止它们被转运到第三国以及相关的保险和经纪服务。详细内容如下:1、如果目的地是第三国且没有过境欧盟领土,欧盟的公司是否被允许购买Council Regulation 833/2014中Annexes XVII, XXI和XXII上所列的货物?Last update: 29 August 2022答案是否定的。Council Regulation 833/2014中的第3g、3i和3j禁止直接或间接购买、进口或转让原产于俄罗斯或出口自俄罗斯的Annexes XVII、XXI和XXII中所列的货物。购买禁令与货物的最终目的地无关。如果货物的购买属于Regulation 833/2014中第13条的范畴,则该批货物与是否运往欧盟无甚关系。这种制裁的目的就是要大幅削弱俄罗斯的经济基础、剥夺这些产品的主要市场并最大程度上削减其发动战争的能力。任何其他解读都将很大程度上使禁令偏离最初的目的并导致重大漏洞。请注意,购买俄罗斯海运原油的情况与此不同(关于“石油进口”中常见问题的第15条)。2、如果目的地是第三国且没有过境欧盟领土,欧盟公司是否允许转让Council Regulation 833/2014中Annexes XVII, XXI和XXII上所列的货物?Last update: 19 September 2022答案是否定的。Council Regulation 833/2014中的第3g、3i和3j禁止直接或间接购买、进口或转让原产于俄罗斯或出口自俄罗斯的Annexes XVII、XXI和XXII中所列的货物。转让禁令与货物的最终目的地无关,但进口禁令本质上对进入欧盟的货物都适用。如果货物的转让属于Regulation 833/2014中第13条的范畴,则该批货物与是否运往欧盟无甚关系。这种制裁的目的就是要大幅削弱俄罗斯的经济基础、剥夺这些产品的主要市场并极大地削减其发动战争的能力。任何其他解读都将很大程度上使禁令偏离最初的目的并导致重大漏洞。不过,欧盟致力于避免因其制裁而影响到第三国的粮食和能源安全,尤其是那些最不发达国家。Council Regulation 2022/1269的序言11和12中明确规定,应允许向第三国转让Annex XXI和XXII中所列的某些货物,以“应对全球粮食和能源危机”,并避免由此在第三国产生的任何潜在的负面影响。本条适用于由欧盟经营者或通过欧盟领土(包括过境)向第三国转让以下货物,以及与此类转让相关的金融或财务援助:Annex XXI所列CN codes 310420、310520、310560、ex31059020和ex31059080项下的化肥及相关商品;Annex XXI所列CN code 2303项下的动物饲料;Annex XXI所列CN codes ex2901和2902项下的某些碳氢化合物;Annex XXI所列CN codes 44(木材)项下的必需品;2523和6810(水泥产品);Annex XXII中所列项目(煤炭及相关产品)。3、这里“购买”或“转让”是否也涉及到那些在出台限制措施之前已经在欧盟领土内自由流通的受限制的货物?Last update: 10 August 2022答案是否定的。Council Regulation 833/2014第3g、3i、3j和3m中的限制条件不涉及到在限制措施生效时已经在欧盟领土内自由流通(即,通常已投放到市场上)的货物。4、Council Regulation 833/2014第3g、3i和3j中规定的禁止向第三国运输或转移Annexes XVII, XXI或XXII中所列货物或产品的相关服务(例如金融援助,包括经纪或保险)的范围有哪些?Last update: 19 September 2022禁止欧盟经营商向第三国运输或转移Annexes XVII、XXI或XXII中所列的货物或产品提供保险、经纪服务或其他金融或财务援助。如果与此类运输相关的援助提供者是欧盟经营商,无论这些货物或产品的转让是由欧盟或非欧盟经营人操作,他们均受禁令的约束。不过,欧盟致力于避免因其制裁而影响到第三国的粮食和能源安全,尤其是那些最不发达国家。Council Regulation 2022/1269的序言11和12中明确规定,应允许向第三国转让Annex XXI和XXII中所列的某些货物,以“应对全球粮食和能源危机”,并避免由此在第三国产生的任何潜在的负面影响。本条适用于由欧盟经营者或通过欧盟领土(包括过境)向第三国转让的以下货物,以及与此类转让相关的金融或财务援助:Annex XXI所列CN codes 310420、310520、310560、ex31059020和ex31059080项下的化肥及相关商品;Annex XXI所列CN code 2303项下的动物饲料;Annex XXI所列CN codes ex2901和2902项下的某些碳氢化合物;Annex XXI所列CN codes 44(木材)项下的必需品;2523和6810(水泥产品);Annex XXII中所列项目(煤炭及相关产品)。5、Council Regulation 833/2014中关于购买、进口或转让的限制规定里有一个除外情况,即允许在指定日期前执行完先前的合同,那么此限制规定是否允许欧盟经营商在此日期之后根据合同向其俄罗斯合作方付款?Last update: 26 August 2022欧盟委员会的意见是,虽然对于购买、进口或转让的限制规定里破例允许在指定日期之前执行先前的合同,但不允许在该日期之后向俄罗斯合作方付款。因为付款是合同执行的一部分,即使原产自俄罗斯的货物已经收到,欧盟经营商依然被禁止在此之后进行此类付款行为。关于欧盟制裁在具体案例中的具体实施问题,需要向相关国家的主管当局提出。附言:上述译文仅供参考,具体请以欧盟的英文原文为准。对于欧盟这份最新常见问题解答,各保赔协会也在分析研究相关内容,并会陆续更新他们的通函。我司也在密切关注各保赔协会的动态,稍后会发布各保赔协会的最新通函。

    发布于:2022-11-07 09:32:36